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Vet 246
Test 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Another name for the coccygeal vertebrae is | Caudal vertebrae |
| Where will you measure and direct the central ray for a lateral view of the cervical vertebrae in a cat or small dog | Measure and direct central ray at the C3-C4 intervertebral space |
| You are aware that you need two separate sections for the lateral and ventrodorsal cervical vertebrae in a large-breed dog. if you measure and aim the central ray for one radiograph at C2-C3 and include from the base of the skull to C4, where should you m | Measure at the level of C6; central ray at C5-C6; include from C4 to the center of the spine of the scapula |
| When positioning a patient for a flexed view of the cervical vertebrae, which step below is most effective in ensuring that the head is in the true lateral position | An imaginary line drawn between the medial canthi should be perpendicular to the table |
| How can you best achieve rib symmetry in a ventrodorsal view of the thoracic vertebrae | Ensure that there is a straight line from the tip of the nose to the base of the tail |
| How will you measure a patient and direct the central ray for a lateral view of the thoracolumbar vertebrae | Measure the highest point of the midthorax (midxiphoid) and direct the central ray to the T13-L1 intervertebral space |
| What are the borders for a ventrodorsal view of the thoracolumbar vertebrae | The xiphoid to the last rib |
| You will perform a survey of the cervical vertebrae for a cat. Which of the following views is routine | Ventrodorsal |
| Which view is a cleansing enema suggested for to ensure that feces do not create | Ventrodorsal view of the lumbosacral vertebrae |
| Proper imaging of the axial skeleton is difficult because | The anatomy is complicated, Many of the structures are superimposed over one another, and Each breed has a unique size and shape |
| The can cause dense shadows on a radiographic image of a small-animal's skull that can interfere with a proper diagnosis and should be removed from the field of view or repositioned when possible | Endotracheal tube, Tongue, and Pinnae |
| These are the three basic shapes of the dog skull | Brachycephalic, Dolichocephalic, and Mesaticephalic |
| You wish to position for a lateral canine skull. When viewing the skull in a rostrocaudal direction, an imaginary line drawn through the should be perpendicular to the tabletop | Medial canthi of the eyes |
| Before pushing the exposure button, you must make sure | The image receptor/machine/grid is in position, the image is properly centered and the borders are correct and collimated |
| You are preparing to take a survey dorsoventral view of the skull you will | Measure from the highest point of the cranium and direct the central ray between the two lateral canthi of the eyes on the sagittal crest |
| What are the borders for a ventrodorsal view of the tympanic bullae | Cranial and caudal to the ear |
| Where will you direct the central ray for a dorsoventral view of the temporomandibular joint | Direct the central ray on the dorsal midline caudal to the ears |
| The borders for a dorsoventral view of the teeth and nares of a canine are | From the tip of the nose to the lateral canthi |
| When you are positioning for a closed-mouth ventrodorsal image of the tympanic bullae, which of the following are you not likely to do | Place a sandbag or foam pad under the left side of his head so that the hard palate is perpendicular with the image receptor |
| An image is needed of the nasal sinus and ethmoid regions of a dog. When taking a ventrodorsal image of the patient, you must make sure | The tube head is movable or can rotate, to measure at the thickest area near the commissure of the tip, and to have the maxilla parallel to the table |
| Which of the following structures is visible in the rostrocaudal closed-mouth or frontal-occipital view | The calvarium, the foramen magnum, and the sagittal crest |
| When taking a rostrocaudal open-mouthed view (rostral 10-30 degree ventral-caudodorsal) | The beam should bisect the angle of the open mouth or at the junction of the hard palate and the horizontal rami of the mandible |
| A water-soluble organic ionic iodide is | A triiodinated compound derived from the benzoic acid ring structure |
| Which is not true of negative-contrast media | These substances absorb fewer x-rays than soft tissue and appear white or radiolucent on the image |
| Barium | Can both demonstrate anatomy by outlining or filling a cavity, as well as physiology of an organ |
| A contrast study of the stomach should include view(s) | A ventrodorsal, a dorsoventral, right and left lateral |
| Special studies of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract should not be completed when | The patient has a fluid-filled distended esophagus or stomach, or ileus due to torsion |
| Esophagography is to be performed on a patient, but perforation is suspected. It is best to use | Organic iodine solution, 5 to 20 ml |
| You are looking at an image of a dog in right lateral recumbency. Barium has reached the large colon. The time of the image is expected to be | 2 hours |
| You are radiographing the abdomen of a cat. You will | Measure at the thickest part (liver), at the thoracolumbar (TL) junction, Center 2-3 fingerbreadths caudal to the 13th rib, Ensure that the borders include cranially from T9 (for VD views) and T7 (for lateral views) and caudally to the acetabulum |
| When performing a contrast study on a dehydrated patient | Do not use a water-soluble organic iodide |
| During a double-contrast upper GI study procedure on a cat, the following were completed. Which one was not ideal | A double- contrast study was chosen to best evaluate motility and emptying |
| For a lower positive-contrast GI study. Preparation does not include | Giving an enema immediately before the barium administration |
| You are preparing to evaluate a small dog's intestinal transit time, using barium-impregnanted polythylene sphere (BIPS) capsules. Which of the following will you keep in mind for this procedure | If the veterinarian is concerned about a possible obstruction, you should calculate the large BIPS |
| You have collected urine specimens prior to infusion of a contrast medium because you know that contrast agents | Increase specific gravity, Cause a false-positive increase in urinary protein, and May inhibit bacterial growth |
| During routine excretory urography for Jamaica, medium-sized dog | Opacification of the nephrons occurs immediately, so you can differentiate the cortex from the medulla |
| In general, survey images | Are essential prior to giving contrast media to ensure that the procedure is still necessary, Are used to help the radiographer choose the appropriate radiation techniques, and Are often not able to help distinguish or differentiate specific organs or sof |
| Myelography is indicated for: | Sensory deficit or spinal pain thought to be due to a transverse myelopathy |
| The abdominal image of cat's small intestine reveals a structure that resembles a string of pearls. This is due to | The muscular (peristaltic) activity of the duodenum |
| In perfomring equine radiography | SID is generally less than for small animals, and most radiographs are taken to evaluate the bones of the skeleton |
| You have positioned a horse's digit for a DPrL45-PaMO view. This means that the central ray | Faces the dorsal part of the limb, aimed 45 degrees laterally from the midline |
| Which surfaces are highlighted in a DLPMO view of the equine forelimbs | The dorsomedial and palmarolateral surfaces of the limb |
| Which of the following steps will be helpful in acquiring a DPr-PaDi view of the equine metacarpus | The central ray is aimed at the midsagittal plane of the metacarpus, the beam is traveling from dorsomedial (point of entry) to palmarolateral (point of exit), and The image receptor is caudal to the aspect of the limb and is perpendicular to the beam |
| What is the main purpose of taking a high coronary stufy of the equine distal phalanx | To note the number, size, and character of the vascular channels, to observe and note the crena, plus the palmar wings formed by the solar border, and To observe and note the ungular or collateral cartilages |
| When viewing the equine distal phalanx, which route or view is better for revealing the extensor process, conformation, quality of hoof care, and relationship of foot to the surface | Upright pedal route |
| For lateromedial view of the horse's distal phalanx, you will direct the central ray | 90 degrees to the midsagittal plane of the foot wall, just below the coronary band |
| A horse is suspected to have chronic degenerative changes in the distal sesamoid. Which view are you most likely to choose to evaluate the changes in the shape of the bone | Lateral view of the navicular bone |
| What is a chief advantage of oblique views of the navicular bone | The wings are not superimposed, so these fractures are more easily diagnosed |
| A horse suffers a limp after a penetrating wound in the proximal interphalangeal joint. Which view is usally preferred to examine for lameness in such a situation | Lateromedial view of the pastern |
| You want to obtain a flexed lateromedial (LM) view of the fetlock in a horse. What step is not part of this procedure | Abduct the foot laterally during flexion |
| You need to obtain for a horse of the flexed D45Pr-DDi for a skyline view of the dorsal aspect of the proximal row of a horse's carpal bones. You will angle the central ray | 45 degrees from vertical or to the plate |
| You are taking a dorsoplantar (DPr-PlDi) view of the equine tarsus. Which anatomic structures should be included in collimation | The entire tarsus, A portion of each of the metatarsal bones, and Medial and lateral malleoli of the tibia |
| Which of the following is true of attempts to create radiographic images of a horse's elbow joint | It is difficult to radiograph while the animal is in a standing position because of its proximity to the ventral body wall. The use of general anesthesia is preferred if possible, and because of the increased thickness of the limb, higher capacity x-ray e |
| Suppose you are trying to obtain a mediolateral view of a horse's shoulder, but the veterinarian suspects an injury to the supraglenoid process. For this particular procedure you will direct the central ray | More dorsocaudally |
| How can you accommodate for the difficulties in obtaining a lateromedial view of a horse's stifle | Touch the medial stifle region and the flank prior to inserting the image receptor |
| You need to obtain a ventral dorsal view of a horse's pelvis. Which step below will not be helpful | After sedation, place the patient in ventral recumbency |
Created by:
Scoots223