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Ch 4 Study guide
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Inflammation mediators that are released at the site of cellular damage perform what functions? | cause vasodilation, increased capillary permeability, attraction of white blood cells to the area and help start the heading process |
| What procedure is appropriate fir preparing blood and other potentially infectious materials for transport? | is to place them in a properly labeled, leak-proof biohazard container or bag |
| After viewing the chain of infection, what would be the most effective method of controlling the spread of conjunctivitis in a day care center? | good hand hygiene/handwashing and avoiding sharing contaminated items |
| What are the two important factors in performing an effective hand wash? | friction and time |
| The method that completely destroys microorganisms is defined as what? | Sterilization |
| The process used to wash and remove blood and tissue from medical instruments is called what? | sanitization or cleaning |
| what is cell-mediated immunity? | immunity that does not rely on antibodies. Instead, it involves T lymphocytes (T cells) that that directly attack infected, abnormal, or foreign cells and help coordinate the immune response |
| What should be done when sanitizing an instrument? | it should be thoroughly cleaned of all visible blood, tissue, and debris before disinfection or sterilization. |
| What are viral infections? | infections caused by viruses, which invade and reoproduce inside living cells. |
| Relapse and remission are seen frequently in what types of infections? | Chronic infections |
| What are the proper steps to hand washing? | Wet hands with warm water, apply soap, rub hands together vigorously for at least 20 seconds including back of hands between fingers, under nails, and wrists, rinse thoroughly, dry with a clean paper towel, and use the towel to turn off the faucet . |
| A 62-year-old patient with shingles is seen in the office. The physician woukld classify this disease as what? | Chronic infection |
| The immune system response that is identified as humoral immunity. | Antibody-mediated immunity |
| T or F- In the normal state certain internal body organs are free of all living microorganisms? | True |
| What should be done if the eyes are exposed to potentially infectious bodily fluids? | Flush the eyes immediately with water for at least 15 minutes and report the exposure |
| Any disease caused by the growth of pathogenic microorganisms in the body falls into what category? | infestious disease |
| What is the key to reducing the prevalence of antibiotic resistance? | Using antibiotics only when necessary and exactly as prescribed |
| Before disposing of a contaminated needle into a sharps container what should be done? | Do not recap, bend, or break the needle; place it directly |
| What is the safest method to achieve adequate sanitization of instruments? | sterilization |
| Items contaminated with what kind of potentially infectious materials require special handling? | Blood and other pontentially infectious materials copim |
| What is associated with the process of killing pathogenic organisms or of rendering them inactive? | Disinfection |
| Direct transmission occurs through what? | Direct person-to-person contact |
| What is the first step that should be taken exposure to contaminated waste? | wash the exposed area immediately |
| What is considered to be the second link in the chain of infection? | Reservoir |
| What substances protects nearby cells from viral invasion? | Interferons |
| T or F- Artificial nails no longer that 1/4 is a CDC recommendation that is not considered adequate hand washing? | False |
| What diseases are caused by a virus? | Viral |
| T or F The most effective treatment for viral infections in palliative in nature. | True |
| T or F An antiseptic is used to cleanse the patient's skin before a surgical procedure. | True |
| T or F Resevoir hosts who are unaware of their ability to spread an infectious disease are identified as carriers. | True |
| A patient who remission has a disease but is not showing symptoms at the time. | True |
| T or F If a blood vessel is permeable, it is protected from the transfer of substances from the outside environment. | False |
| T or F Spore structures protect viral cells from immune system action. | False |
| T or F Relapse is the disappearance of the clinical symptoms of disease. | False |
| T or F An antiseptic is an angent that can be used on the skin to inhibit the growth of microorganisms. | True |
| T or F A germicide is an agent that destroys pathogenic microorganisms. | True |
| T or F Employees must provide their own alternative to gloves if they show signs of latex anaphylaxis. | False |
| T or F Employers must provide employees with hepatitis B immunizations free of charge within 10 days of the start of employment | True |
| T or F An example of parental administration of a medication is a subcutaneous injection | True |
| T or F An example of a vector is a tick that transmits disease | True |
| T or F Hands do have to be sanitized even if the healthcare worker conscientiously gloves during all possible times of exposure. | True |
| T of F Alcohol- based hand sanitizers, when used properly are as effective at a reducing the incidence of nosocomial infections | True |
| T or F A palliative treatment is designed to cure a particular disease. | False |
| Pyemia is a condition marked by infectious microorganisms in a patient's urine. | False |
| T or F Interferon is a naturally occuring protein that helps protect cells from viral invasion. | True |
| The CDC recognizes the use of alcohol-based hand sanitizers as an adequate replacement for traditional hand washing. | False |
| T or F HIV is transmitted by blood that splatters onto intact skin or mucous membranes. | False |
| T or F Healthcare workers who wear artificial fingernails have no greater risk of transmitting infectious as long as they perform adequate hand washing. | False |
| T or F If eyes come in contact with body fluids, continuously flush the eyes with water as soon as possible for a minimum of 5 minutes using an eye wash unit. | True |
| T or F If a medical assistant performs medical aseptic hand sanitization routinely, he or she does not have to wear diposable gloves when sanitizing contaminated surfaces. | False |
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