A process by which organisms with favorable traits are more likely to survive and reproduce.

The ability of an organism to survive and produce offspring.

A heritable trait that improves survival or reproduction.

Movement of alleles from one population to another.

Random changes in allele frequencies in a small population. These changes are not driven by natural selection, but by chance

a large population is drastically reduced in size, and the surviving population may not represent the original genetic diversity

a new population is started by a small number of individuals, and this new group may carry only a fraction of the original population’s genetic variation.

Breeding by humans to enhance desired traits in other organisms.

A physical structure in organisms that has lost its original function through evolution.

A branching diagram that shows evolutionary relationships.

Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium

A model predicting that allele frequencies will remain constant in the absence of evolutionary influences.

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AP BIO UNIT 7

Question	Answer
Natural Selection	A process by which organisms with favorable traits are more likely to survive and reproduce.
Fitness	The ability of an organism to survive and produce offspring.
Adaptation	A heritable trait that improves survival or reproduction.
Gene Flow	Movement of alleles from one population to another.
Genetic Drift	Random changes in allele frequencies in a small population. These changes are not driven by natural selection, but by chance
Bottleneck Effect	a large population is drastically reduced in size, and the surviving population may not represent the original genetic diversity
Founder Effect	a new population is started by a small number of individuals, and this new group may carry only a fraction of the original population’s genetic variation.
Artificial Selection	Breeding by humans to enhance desired traits in other organisms.
Vestigial Structure	A physical structure in organisms that has lost its original function through evolution.
Phylogenetic Tree	A branching diagram that shows evolutionary relationships.
Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium	A model predicting that allele frequencies will remain constant in the absence of evolutionary influences.

Created by: aluong

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