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EM2 7.4.Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| circle | the set of all points in a two-dimensional plane that are equidistant (at the same distance) from a fixed center point |
| circumference | the total distance around the edge of a circle or any curved, closed shape, effectively representing its perimeter |
| cross section | the 2D shape (or "face") created by the intersection of a 3D object and a plane, essentially representing a "slice" through a solid |
| diameter | the longest straight line segment that passes through its center, connecting two opposite points on its edge or circumference |
| faces | the flat, two-dimensional surfaces (polygons) that form the boundary or exterior of a three-dimensional solid |
| lateral faces | the sides of a three-dimensional solid (specifically prisms and pyramids) that connect the top and bottom bases, excluding the bases themselves |
| lateral surfaces of a cylinder | the curved, side surface area that excludes the top and bottom circular bases |
| pi | a fundamental mathematical constant representing the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter |
| prism | a 3D polyhedron with two identical, parallel polygonal bases connected by parallelogram-shaped side faces |
| pyramid | a 3D polyhedron with a polygonal base and triangular lateral faces that converge at a single point called the apex |
| radius | multiple line segments extending from the center of a circle or sphere to its circumference |
| right prism | a polyhedron with two congruent, parallel, polygonal bases (top and bottom) and lateral faces that are all rectangles, where these side faces are perpendicular (90 degree angle) to the base edges |
| right pyramid | a 3D geometric solid with a polygon base and triangular lateral faces that meet at a single apex, specifically where the apex lies directly above the centroid (center) of the base |
| slant height | he distance measured along a lateral surface from the apex (tip) to the base edge |
| angle area | often referred to as a sector, is the two-dimensional region bounded by two rays (sides) and an arc |
| base | he side of a polygon or the face of a solid figure used as a foundational reference for calculations, typically where the height is measured perpendicularly |
| edge length | he linear distance between two consecutive vertices (corners) of a geometric shape, polygon, or polyhedron |
| figure | a set of points, lines, or surfaces in 2D or 3D space, forming a specific shape |
| kite | a quadrilateral (a four-sided polygon) with two distinct pairs of adjacent, equal-length sides |
| line segment | a portion of a straight line that is bounded by two distinct endpoints, representing the shortest, finite distance between them |
| lines | a straight, one-dimensional object with no thickness that extends infinitely in both directions |
| net | a 2D pattern made by unfolding a 3D solid shape, laying all its faces flat |
| parallel | straight lines in the same plane that are always the same distance apart (equidistant) and never intersect or cross, no matter how far they extend |
| parallelogram | a 2D quadrilateral (four-sided polygon) with two pairs of opposite sides that are parallel and equal in length |
| perimeter | the total distance around the outside of a two-dimensional shape, calculated by adding the lengths of all its outer sides |
| perpendicular | two lines, segments, or planes that intersect to form a perfect right angle |
| ray | a part of a line that begins at a specific fixed point (called the endpoint or origin) and extends infinitely in one direction |
| surface area | the total measurement of the boundary or outer shell of a three-dimensional (3D) object, expressed in square units |
| vertex | the corner points where two or more lines, edges, or curves meet |
| vertical angles | pairs of opposite angles created by the intersection of two straight lines |
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