The breakdown of rock material by physical and chemical processes is called weathering.

The process by which rock is broken down into smaller pieces by physical changes is physical weathering.

Abrasion is the breaking down and wearing away of rock material by the mechanical action of other rock.

Chemical weathering is the breakdown of rocks by chemical reactions.

The process by which other chemicals combine with oxygen is called oxidation.

When these stronger acids fall to Earth; they are called acid precipitation.

Erosion is the process by which sediment and other materials are moved from one place to another.

Deposition is the process by which eroded material is dropped.

Many layers of deposited sediment can form a flat area called a floodplain.

Streams often deposit their loads in a fan-shaped pattern called a delta.

An alluvial fan is a fan-shaped deposit that forms on dry land.

Groundwater is the water located within the rocks below Earth’s surface.

A shoreline is the place where land and a body of water meet. Ocean water along a shoreline moves differently than river water moves.

A beach is an area of shoreline that is made up of material deposited by waves and currents.

A sandbar is an underwater or exposed ridge of sand, gravel, or shell material.

barrier island is a long, narrow island, usually made of sand, that forms parallel to the shoreline a short distance offshore.

Mounds of wind-deposited sand are called dunes.

Thick deposits of this windblown, fine- grained sediments are known as loess.

A glacier is a large mass of moving ice that forms by the compacting of snow by natural forces.

Glacial drift is the general term for all of the materials carried and deposited by a glacier.

The extremely slow movement of material downslope is called creep.

A rockfall happens when loose rocks fall down a steep slope.

A landslide is the sudden and rapid movement of a large amount of material downslope.

A rapid movement of a large mass of mud is a mudflow.

A mountain is a region of increased elevation on Earth’s surface that rises to a peak.

A lake is a body of fresh or salt water that is surrounded by land.

A river is a large, natural stream of water that flows into an ocean or other large body of water, such as a lake.

A coastline is a dynamic boundary between land and the ocean.

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Nature of Science

Term	Definition
weathering	The breakdown of rock material by physical and chemical processes is called weathering.
physical weathering	The process by which rock is broken down into smaller pieces by physical changes is physical weathering.
abrasion	Abrasion is the breaking down and wearing away of rock material by the mechanical action of other rock.
chemical weathering	Chemical weathering is the breakdown of rocks by chemical reactions.
oxidation	The process by which other chemicals combine with oxygen is called oxidation.
acid precipitation	When these stronger acids fall to Earth; they are called acid precipitation.
erosion	Erosion is the process by which sediment and other materials are moved from one place to another.
deposition	Deposition is the process by which eroded material is dropped.
floodplain	Many layers of deposited sediment can form a flat area called a floodplain.
delta	Streams often deposit their loads in a fan-shaped pattern called a delta.
alluvial fan	An alluvial fan is a fan-shaped deposit that forms on dry land.
groundwater	Groundwater is the water located within the rocks below Earth’s surface.
shoreline	A shoreline is the place where land and a body of water meet. Ocean water along a shoreline moves differently than river water moves.
beach	A beach is an area of shoreline that is made up of material deposited by waves and currents.
sandbar	A sandbar is an underwater or exposed ridge of sand, gravel, or shell material.
barrier island	barrier island is a long, narrow island, usually made of sand, that forms parallel to the shoreline a short distance offshore.
dune	Mounds of wind-deposited sand are called dunes.
loess	Thick deposits of this windblown, fine- grained sediments are known as loess.
glacier	A glacier is a large mass of moving ice that forms by the compacting of snow by natural forces.
glacial drift	Glacial drift is the general term for all of the materials carried and deposited by a glacier.
creep	The extremely slow movement of material downslope is called creep.
rockfall	A rockfall happens when loose rocks fall down a steep slope.
landslide	A landslide is the sudden and rapid movement of a large amount of material downslope.
mudflow	A rapid movement of a large mass of mud is a mudflow.
mountain	A mountain is a region of increased elevation on Earth’s surface that rises to a peak.
lake	A lake is a body of fresh or salt water that is surrounded by land.
river	A river is a large, natural stream of water that flows into an ocean or other large body of water, such as a lake.
coastline	A coastline is a dynamic boundary between land and the ocean.

Created by: jorge kahwati

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