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U.S. history C14
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| a U.S. security policy during the Cold War in which military action was used to stop the Soviet Union from spreading communism | containment |
| a government program started in 1944 that helped veterans returning from WWII buy homes and attend college | GI Bill |
| the military and political divide in Europe between Western capitalist and Eastern communist countries | Iron Curtain |
| the agreement between the Democrats and Republicans in Congress made after World War II to continue welfare, develop a national security system, and strengthen the executive branch of government | liberal consensus |
| a U.S. economic aid program to restore economic stability to Western Europe after World War II | Marshall Plan |
| relating to the class of people whose jobs typically take place in an office or professional environment and don’t involve manual labor | white-collar |
| a political situation in which rival countries try to gather or produce the most military weapons | arms race |
| an area in which military personel and weapons are not allowed | demilitarized zone |
| a government that has been deposed and attempts to rule from another land | government-in-exile |
| a nuclear weapon that explodes due to compacted gases inside | hydrogen bomb |
| the basic systems of a society including roads, bridges, sewers, and electricity | infrastructure |
| the crime of making verbal or written negative claims about someone without evidence | libel |
| a sworn statement confirming a person does not belong and has never belonged to various organizations including those identified as communist | loyalty oath |
| the practice of accusing people of being traitors to their country without offering proof | McCarthyism |
| an act of destabilizing a major social or political system in an attempt to destroy it | subversion |
| an idea during the Cold War that countries that neighbor communist countries are more likely to fall to communism | Domino Theory |
| Initiated policy of containment, the Marshall plan, and Truman Doctrine to stop Soviet expansion | Harry S. Truman (has glasses) |
| Led Soviet Union in establishing Communist governments; Iron curtain | Joseph Stalin (Long mustache) |
| Managed Cold War tensions in 1950 and initiated strategy in Vietnam. | Dwight D. Eisenhower (barely any white hair) |
| Led the communist victory in China in 1949, establishing the People's Republic of China. | Mao Zedong (bald on top, hair on sides) |
| Led the communist movement in North Vietnam against French and American influence. | Ho Chi Minh (Old and had salt and pepper hair/long beard) |
| Leader of the Chinese Nationalist government supported by the U.S. | Chiang Kai-shek (Basically bald) |
| How did the United Nations embody the ideals set forth in the Atlantic Charter? | It built the Charter's core principles of collective security, self-determination, and international cooperation to maintain postwar peace |
| Why did so many Republicans support the claims of Joseph McCarthy? | To get more votes |
| Why were the Venona Papers important? | They provided proof of Soviet espionage within the U.S. government and the Manhattan Project |
| What was the Manhattan Project? | A top secret U.S. led research project during WWII that developed the first atomic bombs |
| How did Chinese Nationalist Chiang Kai-shek compare to the communist Mao Zedong? | Chiang: Nationalist leader; seen as corrupt and focused on the elite Mao: Communist leader; won peasant support by promising land reform. |
| To which place did Chiang Kai-shek flee after Mao Zedong created the People’s Republic of China? | Island of Taiwan (formally know as Formosa) |
| What prompted the Soviet Union to create the Warsaw Pact? | In response to West Germany joining NATO |
| What was the Eastern Bloc? | A group of Communist nations in Central and Eastern Europe that were allied with the Soviet Union |
| What caused unions to go on strike in the aftermath of World War II? | Inflation, dropping wages, and the end of wartime government price controls |
| How did the Marshall Plan affect the economies of European countries and the United States? | -Rebuilt European economics and created new markets for U.S. -They feared U.S. economic influence -Some feared the plan would lead to American Political control |
| Why did the Soviet Union choose not to take part in the Marshall Plan? | they viewed it as American economic imperialism that would force the USSR to surrender national sovereignty and accept U.S. interference in its satellite states. |
| Describe the connection between World War Il and the spread of communism in Europe. | WWII allowed the Soviet Red Army to occupy Eastern Europe, where they had the post-war power by installing pro-communist regimes. |
| During which period of the Korean War did North Korea make the greatest advances? | during the first phase of the war (June to September 1950), when it captured nearly the entire peninsula except for Pusan Perimeter |
| What happened in the Korean War between September 15 and November 25, 1950? | UN forces launched the Inchon Landing, recaptured Seoul, and advanced deep into North Korea toward the Yalu River before facing a massive Chinese intervention. |
| In addition to the United States, who else fought alongside South Korea in the Korean War? | United Nations coalition of 21 countries. Some include: United Kingdom, Canada, Turkey, Australia. |
| What reason did Senator Joseph McCarthy give for the United States losing the Cold War? | communists and traitors/spies hidden in the State Department and federal government. |
| How did McCarthy’s actions change after the election of 1952? | he became Chairman of a Senate subcommittee, expanding his investigations beyond the State Department to target the U.S. Army to battle against communism |
| Why were the “Hollywood Ten” charged with contempt of Congress? | for refusing to testify before the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) regarding their alleged membership in the Communist Party. |
| Why was China's shift to communism a serious loss to the United States? | it turned the world's most populous nation into a Soviet ally, shifting the global balance of power and fueling domestic fears that the U.S. was losing the Cold War. |
| Why was the Soviets’ test of an atomic bomb in 1949 shocking? | the U.S. believed the Soviets were years away from developing the technology. |
| What might Europeans have feared about the “Marshall Plan”? | feared that accepting aid would force them to surrender their national sovereignty and become economically and politically dependent on the United States. |
| How did the Federal Republic of Germany come to be? | was created in 1949 by merging the occupation zones of the United States, United Kingdom, and France into a single West German state. |
Created by:
KEOgden