Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
MedSurge Exam 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| S3 vs S4 | S3= valvular regurgitation/hypervolmia S4= stenosis that causes hypertrophy, atria contract and fill STIFF ventricle |
| pericarditis relieving position vs aggravating | relief= sit up lean forward worse= lay down supine |
| forward vs backward hf | forward= impaired perfusion, decreased pulses, cyanosis backwards= edem, crackles, jvd |
| mitral valve prolapse and what assessment finding | genetic issue like marfans or rheumatic hd midsystolic clicking |
| aortic stenosis triad of s/s LATE | SAD syncope angina dyspnea |
| SAD triad | syncope, angina, dyspnea aortic stenosis LATE s/s |
| aortic regurgitation assessment findings | water hammer pulse visible neck pulsations |
| dilated cardiomyopathy | s/s= increases preload, fluid overload, crackles, dyspnea, fatigue, JVD, displaced PMI, S3 Gallop causes= genetics, CAD, infections |
| hypertrophic cardiomyopathy | s/s= fatigue, dyspnea, HF like s/s, chest pain, exertional dizzy NO DIURETICS BC CAN WORSEN mostly genetic (young people killed by this a lot bc hard to diagnose) Assess= systolic murmur when SQUAT (esp w kids) |
| Restrictive cardiomyopathy | mostly from amyloidosis or sarcodoisis s/s= PND, nonproductive cough, exercise intolerance, late signs are edema, anasarca (general edema), JVD, S4, liver large, rhf S/S |
| arrhythmogenic RV cardiomyopathy | genetics, muscle replaced with fibrous scar and fatty tissue (HIGH VTACH and cardiac death risk) S/s- asympt until dead |
| Stress induced cardiomyopathy | due to emotions/stress rapid, reversible myocardial weakness Increases troponin but NO blockage s/s= like STEMI, elevated ST |
| heart transplant important info | no vagal innervation so atropine doesnt work resting HR is HIGHER |
| infective endocarditis s/s and what they are | osler nodes= TENDER red/purple bumps on hands and feet janeway lesions= NONtender red spots on feel and hands roths spots= bursts with white dots in eye petechiae splinter hemorrhages= nails have streaks |
| PCI/cardiac stent | balloon expands to flatten plaque go through WRIST mostly through IV CONTRAST |
| PCI major complication and what to do | retroperitoneal bleeding notify provider, admin IV fluid |
| most common vein used for CABG | great saphenous vein |
| CABG complication possibilities | electrolyte imbalance, pneumonia, pulm edema, neuro deficit |
| peripheral bypass graft | prevets peripheral artery disease |
| PAD s/s | intermittent claudication shiny hairless skin decreased pulses |
| Peripheral bypass graft complications | compartment syndrome- tingling/numbness and infection also risk |
| post-op cardiac/vascular surgery care | q15 min for 1 hr, VS mon, assess limb for 6 ps, I and O, s/s of inf, antiplatelet/anticoag |
| demand vs supply anginas | stable= demand (due to exercise usually and incrased myocardial oxygen consumption unstable= supply issue (more occlusion causes decreased blood to area) |
| ACS vs MI | ACS= umbrella term for onset of myocardial ischemia (includes STEMI, NSTEMI, unstable angina) |
| stable v unstable angina | stable= with exertion pain unstable= pain even at rest |
| unstable angina vs STEMI vs NSTEMI | unstable= no troponin, not much EKG change STEMI= ST elevate, troponin elevate, transmural necrosis NSTEMI= no ST elevation, troponin elevate |
| what are the 3 ACS | unstable angina, STEMI, NSTEMI |
| female MI s/s | extreme fatigue, general atypical s/s WORSE outcome due to smaller vessels |
| elderly s/s MI | syncope |
| if MI suspected | EKG, labs (troponin, ckmb, myoglobin), CXR |
| THROMBINS2 | to help MI T- clopidogrel H- heparin R-RAAS O- o2 M- morphine B-beta blocker I-Intervention (PCI) N-nitro S- statin S- aspirin |
| Pulmonary edema | emergency PINK FROTHY SPUTUM AFFFF anxious, tachy, dyspnea, LOC change |
| Cardiogenic shock what to do | o2/intubate QUICK iv morhpine nitro vasopressors hemodynamic mon (Arterial or pulmonary line) |
| Supraventricular tach- what is it and look like | above ventricles (AV node) and caused by stress, caffeiene, etc no T waves bc p waves are so fast it doesn thave time to depolarize |
| V tach- what is it and look like | dangerous ventricles are going too fast, mistly structural abnormalities |
| premature atrial contraction- what is it and look like | p wave normal and then it happens too early and then it pauses to compensate.... too early then chillllllllllll bruh |
| how to treat SVT first and then second | vagal maneuver then adenosine+flush |
| TEE before cardiovert why and when do you not need one | if havent been on anticoag before 3-4 weeks before |
| how to treat a flutter | can vagal iv adenosine cardiovert |
| cardioversion indications | tachyarrhythmias WITH A PULSE |
| when do we use vagal maneuver | SVT helps slow AV NODE conduction |
| torsades de pointes common cause | hypomagnesemia alcoholism |
| asystole treat | CPR Epi intubation |
Created by:
andywattana