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PBS Vocab 2.1.5
telehealth
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Osmosis | A specific type of diffusion involving water. It is the movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane. |
| Hypertonic | A solution with a higher concentration of solutes (like salt or sugar) compared to the inside of a cell. This causes water to leave the cell, making it shrink. |
| Hypotonic | A solution with a lower concentration of solutes compared to the cell. This causes water to enter the cell, making it swell. |
| Isotonic | A solution where the concentration of solutes is equal inside and outside the cell. The cell stays the same size. |
| Diffusion | The natural movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration until they are spread out evenly. |
| Concentration Gradient | The difference in the concentration of a substance between two areas. Molecules naturally want to move "down" this gradient (from high to low). |
| * Telemedicine / Telehealth | ways to get healthcare services without having to visit a clinic or hospital in person. |
| Hormones | Chemical messengers sent through the blood to tell specific organs what to do. |
| Metabolism | The sum of all chemical reactions in the body that convert food into energy and build/repair tissues. |
| Cellular Respiration Equation: | C6H1206+6O2->6CO2+6H20+ATP |
| Reactant(s) | Glucose (C6H12O6) and Oxygen (O2). |
| Product(s) | Carbon Dioxide (CO2), Water (H2O), and Energy (ATP). |
| Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) | The primary "energy currency" of the cell. It stores and provides the energy needed for almost every cellular function. |
| Diabetes Mellitus | A disease where the body cannot properly produce or use insulin, leading to high blood sugar. |
| Type 1 Diabetes | An Autoimmune Disorder where the immune system attacks Beta cells; the body produces little to no insulin. |
| Type 2 Diabetes | The body becomes resistant to insulin or doesn't make enough; often linked to genetics and lifestyle. |
| Gestational Diabetes | High blood sugar that develops during pregnancy. |
| Hyperglycemia | High blood sugar. |
| Hypoglycemia | Low blood sugar. |
| Autoimmune Disorder | A condition where the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own healthy cells. |
| Carbohydrates | Quick energy source (sugars and starches). |
| Proteins | Building structures (muscles), acting as enzymes, and signaling (hormones). |
| Lipids | Long-term energy storage and cell membranes (fats and oils). |
| Nucleic Acids | Storing genetic information (DNA and RNA). |
| insulin | A hormone that lowers blood sugar by acting like a "key" that lets glucose into the cells. |
| Glucose | A simple sugar that serves as the main source of energy for the body's cells. |
| Glucagon | A hormone that raises blood sugar by telling the liver to release stored glucose. |
| Negative Feedback Loop | A regulatory mechanism where the body reverses a change to return to a set point (e.g., sweating to cool down a fever). |
| Positive Feedback Loop | A mechanism that reinforces or increases a change (e.g., contractions during childbirth). |
| * Continuous Glucose Monitor (CGM) | it’s a wearable device that tracks your blood sugar (glucose) levels 24/7 without you having to prick your finger every time. |
| * Insulin Pump | small, computerized device—about the size of a smartphone or a deck of cards—that delivers insulin to your body around the clock. |
| Pancreas | An organ that secretes digestive enzymes and hormones (Insulin and Glucagon). |
| Alpha Cell | Cells in the pancreas that produce Glucagon. |
| Beta Cells | Cells in the pancreas that produce Insulin. |
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