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pathophys

šŸ§¬ CHAPTER 3 ā€“ GENETICS FLASHCARDS

QuestionAnswer
1. What are the basic components of DNA? ā†’ Deoxyribose sugar, phosphate group, nitrogen bases (A, T, C, G)
2. What are base pair substitutions? ā†’ One nucleotide replaced with another
4. What is an intron mutation? ā†’ Mutation in noncoding region; usually no protein effect
5. What is a frameshift mutation? ā†’ Insertion/deletion that shifts reading frame ā†’ major protein change
6. What are the base components of DNA? ā†’ Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine
7. What is a complementary DNA strand? ā†’ Matching base-pair strand (Aā€“T, Cā€“G)
8. Complement of CGATACGT? ā†’ GCTATGCA
9. What is transcription? 10. What is translation?
11. What is termination in protein synthesis? ā†’ Stop codon ends translation
12. What is translocation? ā†’ Chromosome segment moves to another chromosome
13. What is nondisjunction? ā†’ Failure of chromosomes to separate during meiosis
14. Diseases from nondisjunction? ā†’ Down syndrome, Turner syndrome, Klinefelter syndrome
v15. Haploid ā†’ One set of chromosomes (n)
16. Diploid 16. Diploid
17. Euploid ā†’ Normal chromosome number
18. Polyploid ā†’ More than two sets of chromosomes
Created by: user-1989767
 

 



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