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radicals&reformers
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| a political and economic theory of social organization that advocates that the means of production, distribution, and exchange should be owned or regulated by the community as a whole. | Socialism |
| A theory or system of social organization based on the holding of all property in common, actual ownership being ascribed to the community as a whole or to the state. | Communism |
| economic and political theories of Karl Marx that say human actions and institutions are economically determined | Marxism |
| Often recognized as the father of communism. Analysis of history led him to believe that communism would replace capitalism, as it had replaced feudalism. Believed in a classless society. Writing the Communist Manifesto | Karl Marx |
| A socialist manifesto written by Marx and Engels (1848) describing the history of the working-class movement according to their views. | Communist Manifesto |
| – Communist term for laborers who rebel against the middle class and the bourgeoisie to make a classless society | Proletariat |
| Capitalists: the middle class, including merchants, industrialists, and professional people | Bourgeoisie |
| British cotton manufacturer, believed that humans would reveal their true natural goodness if they lived in a cooperative environment. Tested his theories in New Harmony, Indiana, but failed | Robert Owen |
| A leading utopian socialist, who envisaged small communal societies | Charles Fourier |
| the right to vote | Suffrage |
| restraint or moderation, especially in regard to alcohol or food | Temperance |
| act of refraining from something; like alcohol | Abstinence |
| hostility to or prejudice against Jews. | Anti-Semitism |
| An incident in France where a Jewish captain was tried for treason because the military was anti-Semitic, and it divided the country | Dreyfus Affair |
| an organized massacre of a particular ethnic group, in particular that of Jews in Russia or Eastern Europe. | Pogrom |
| A policy for establishing and developing a national homeland for Jews in Palestine. | Zionism |
| – an Austrian Jew who formed an organization to promote Zionism | Theodore Herzi |
| a 19th-century artistic movement that appealed to emotion rather than reason | Romanticism |
| A 19th-century artistic movement in which writers and painters sought to show life as it is rather than life as it should be | Realism |
| an artistic and literary movement sparked by a break with past conventions | Modernism |
| English writer whose novels depicted and criticized social injustice | Charles Dickens |
| Russian author who wrote War and Peace | Leo Tolstoy |
| French education reformer who promoted compulsory public education to advance the goals of public order, nationalism, and economic growth | Jules Ferry |
| Provided the foundation for an evolutionary theory to explain the origin and changes of life; he assumed a natural explanation for man's origins | Charles Darwin |
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