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Topic 15
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| capital | wealth in the form of money or other tradable assets; money available for investment |
| spinning jenny | a machine for spinning more than one thread at a time, which made large-scale weaving possible |
| assembly line | a manufacturing method that allowed that allowed much more efficient mass production of goods |
| mass production | the production of goods in large quantity, usually by machinery |
| power loom | a machine for weaving cloth that is powered by steam, water, of electricity |
| cottage industry | a method of production in which tasks are done by people in their rural homes |
| entrepreneur | a person who finds new business opportunities and ways to make profit |
| socialism | when society, usually in the form of the government, owns the means of production |
| fossil fuel | a fuel formed in the earth from plant or animal remains; such as coal, natural gas, or oil |
| labor | work performed by people that provides the goods and services in an economy |
| urbanization | when towns and cities become larger as people move into them |
| communism | a political and economic system with the goal of a classless society, with no private property, and collective control over the means of production |
| industrial capitalism | an economic system based on industrial production or manufacturing |
| subsidy | a payment made to support something a government thinks is beneficial |
| proletariat | the working class |
| suffrage | the right to vote |
| feminism | the movement for women's rights |
| epidemic disease | a widespread occurrence of an infectious disease at a particular time |
| concession | a political compromise |
| prefecture | in the Japanese Meiji Restoration, a territory governed by its former daimyo lord |
| Great Britain | where the Industrial Revolution began |
| 1760s | when the Industrial Revolution began |
| First Industrial Revolution | 1760s-1830, coal, steam, textiles, iron |
| Second Industrial Revolution | 1870-1914, electricity, petroleum, steel |
| factories | where most production took place during the Industrial Revolution |
| United States | country that forced Japan to open its ports for trade |
| Meiji Restoration | era of modernization and industrialization beginning in Japan in 1868 |
| isolation | policy of the Tokugawa shogunate toward foreigners |
| Korea, China, Russia | Japan colonized all or parts of these areas after the Meiji Restoration |
| middle class | social class that came to include doctors, lawyers, business managers, and merchants |
| working class | social class that included factory and mill workers |
| unions | these were formed during the Industrial Revolution to protest working conditions, wages, and hours |
Created by:
Mrs. Marquardt