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2.1.5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Osmosis | Movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane from low solute concentration to high solute concentration |
| Hypertonic | Solution with a higher solute concentration than the cell, causing water to leave the cell and the cell to shrink |
| Hypotonic | Solution with a lower solute concentration than the cell, causing water to enter the cell and the cell to swell |
| Isotonic | Solution with equal solute concentration as the cell, resulting in no net water movement |
| Diffusion | Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to lower concentration |
| Concentration Gradient | Difference in concentration of a substance across space or a membrane |
| Telemedicine / Telehealth | Use of electronic communication technology to provide healthcare services remotely |
| Hormones | Chemical messengers produced by glands that travel through the bloodstream to regulate body functions |
| Metabolism | All chemical reactions in the body that maintain life, including building and breaking down molecules |
| Cellular Respiration Equation | C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP (energy released from glucose using oxygen) |
| Reactant(s) | Starting substances in a chemical reaction |
| Product(s) | Substances formed as a result of a chemical reaction |
| Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) | Primary energy-carrying molecule used by cells |
| Diabetes Mellitus | Chronic condition where the body cannot properly regulate blood glucose levels |
| Type 1 Diabetes | Autoimmune disease where the pancreas produces little or no insulin |
| Type 2 Diabetes | Condition where the body becomes resistant to insulin or does not produce enough |
| Gestational Diabetes | Temporary diabetes occurring during pregnancy |
| Hyperglycemia | Abnormally high blood glucose levels |
| Hypoglycemia | Abnormally low blood glucose levels |
| Autoimmune Disorder | Condition where the immune system attacks the body’s own cells |
| Organic Macromolecules / Biomolecules | Large carbon-based molecules essential for life |
| Carbohydrates | Sugars and starches used mainly for quick energy |
| Proteins | Molecules made of amino acids used for structure, repair, and enzymes |
| Lipids | Fats and oils used for long-term energy storage and insulation |
| Nucleic Acids | DNA and RNA molecules that store and transmit genetic information |
| Insulin | Hormone that lowers blood glucose by helping cells absorb glucose |
| Glucose | Main sugar in blood used by cells for energy |
| Glucagon | Hormone that raises blood glucose by signaling the liver to release stored glucose |
| Negative Feedback Loop | Regulation system where the body reverses a change to maintain balance |
| Positive Feedback Loop | Regulation system where a change triggers more of the same change |
| Blood Glucose Meter (Glucometer) | Device that measures blood sugar from a small drop of blood |
| Continuous Glucose Monitor (CGM) | Sensor device that tracks glucose levels in real time throughout the day |
| Insulin Pump | Device that continuously delivers insulin into the body through a catheter |
| Pancreas | Organ that produces digestive enzymes and blood sugar-regulating hormones |
| Alpha Cell | Pancreatic cell that releases glucagon |
| Beta Cells | Pancreatic cells that produce insulin |
Created by:
user-2003225