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BIOL chapter 4 terms

TermDefinition
Hadean Eon Earliest eon of Earth’s history; formation of Earth and early crust
Formation of Earth Accretion of dust and debris forming planet Earth
Reducing Atmosphere Early atmosphere rich in water vapour, CO2, methane, nitrogen; little free oxygen
Abiogenesis Processes that gave rise to life from nonliving matter
LUCA Last Universal Common Ancestor
Earliest Evidence of Life Geological evidence of life in rocks
Stromatolites Laminated rock structures formed by prokaryotes
Photosynthesis (early) Process producing free oxygen by prokaryotes
Great Oxygenation Event Increase in atmospheric oxygen from photosynthesis
Banded Iron Formations (BIF) Layers of iron oxide formed when oxygen reacted with dissolved iron
Snowball Earth Global glaciation event in Proterozoic
Prokaryotic Cell Cell without nucleus; DNA in nucleoid region
Endosymbiosis Theory that eukaryotic cells arose from symbiotic relationship between host and bacteria
Rise of Eukaryotes Origin of first eukaryotic cells
Earliest Eukaryote Fossil Oldest fossil evidence of eukaryotes
Multicellular Eukaryotes Organisms composed of multiple eukaryotic cells
Ediacaran Biota Early soft-bodied multicellular organisms
Trace Fossils Evidence of organism movement such as burrows
Phanerozoic Eon Eon of visible life; includes Paleozoic, Mesozoic, Cenozoic
Paleozoic Era Era of early marine life diversification
Cambrian Explosion Rapid diversification of complex animals
Bilaterial Symmetry Body plan with left and right sides
Ordovician Period Jawless fish & coral reefs; first primitive land plants
Silurian Period First jawed fish, vascular plants, terrestrial arthropods
Devonian Period Age of fishes; first forests & tetrapods
Carboniferous Period Coal swamps; amphibians thrive; first reptiles
Permian Period Supercontinent Pangea formed; ends with mass extinction
Permian Mass Extinction Mass extinction linked to Pangea & Siberian Traps volcanism
Mesozoic Era Age of reptiles; dinosaurs dominate
Breakup of Pangea Continental drift forming modern continents
Angiosperms Flowering plants co-evolved with pollinators
Cenozoic Era Age of mammals
Paleogene Period Rapid diversification of mammals after dinosaur extinction
Neogene Period Emergence of modern mammals & birds; spread of grasses
Quaternary Period Ice ages; rise of humans
Hox Genes Regulatory genes controlling body plan along head-to-tail axis
Heterochrony Evolutionary change in timing of developmental events
Paedomorphosis Retention of juvenile traits into adulthood
Allometric Growth Evolutionary change in rate of developmental events
Macroevolution Large-scale evolutionary change above species level
Adaptive Radiation Rapid diversification from common ancestor
Evolution Not Goal-Oriented Evolution does not proceed toward predetermined objective
Created by: user-1770278
 

 



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