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EES 3.5 Leia Durand

TermDefinition
Temperature How hot or cold something is.
Humidity The amount of water vapor in the air.
Circulation The movement of air or water in a pattern.
Global winds Large wind systems that move air around Earth.
Jet stream A fast-moving ribbon of air high in the atmosphere.
Atmosphere The layer of gases surrounding Earth.
Ocean A large body of salt water covering most of Earth.
Air mass A large body of air with similar temperature and humidity.
Cold front When a cold air mass moves in and pushes warm air up.
Warm front When a warm air mass moves over cold air.
Precipitation Water that falls from the sky (rain, snow, sleet, hail).
Temperature gradient The difference in temperature between two areas.
Hurricane A large, powerful storm that forms over warm ocean water.
Thunderstorm A storm with thunder, lightning, heavy rain, and strong winds.
Convection Heat transfer by movement of liquids or gases.
Conduction Heat transfer through direct contact.
Radiation Heat transfer through energy waves (like from the Sun).
Pacific ocean The largest ocean on Earth, between Asia/Australia and the Americas.
Trade winds (easterlies) Steady winds that blow from east to west near the equator.
Westerlies Winds that blow from west to east in the middle latitudes.
Global impacts Effects that influence the entire Earth.
El Niño A weather pattern when the Pacific Ocean near the equator becomes warmer than normal, changing weather worldwide
La Niña A weather pattern when the Pacific Ocean near the equator becomes cooler than normal, also affecting global weather.
Warm ocean current surface-level currents that originate near the equator and transport warm water toward higher latitudes (poles).
Gulf stream A warm ocean current in the Atlantic Ocean that moves warm water from the Gulf of Mexico toward Europe.
Coastal conveyor belt Areas of land near the ocean.
Coriolis effect The worldwide system of deep and surface ocean currents that moves water and heat around the planet.
Heat Energy that makes something warmer.
Wind belts Large areas of Earth where winds mostly blow in one direction.
Equator The imaginary line around the middle of Earth, halfway between the North and South Poles.
Poles The North Pole and South Pole; the coldest parts of Earth.
Ocean gyres Large circular ocean current systems.
Thermohaline circulation Deep ocean movement caused by differences in temperature (thermo) and salt (haline).
Surface temperatures The temperature at the top of land or water.
Deep currents Ocean currents that move far below the surface.
Regional climate The usual weather conditions in a specific area.
Climate zones Large areas with similar temperature and weather patterns.
Maritime Tropical (mT) Warm, moist air mass formed over warm oceans.
Maritime Polar (mP) Cool, moist air mass formed over cold oceans.
Continental Tropical (cT) Hot, dry air mass formed over land.
Continental Polar (cP) Cold, dry air mass formed over land.
Continental Arctic (cA) Very cold, very dry air mass from Arctic regions.
Seasons The four parts of the year (spring, summer, fall, winter) caused by Earth’s tilt and orbit.
Sea breeze Wind that blows from the ocean toward land during the day.
Coastal fog Thick clouds that form near the coast, often when warm air moves over cold water.
Local climate The usual weather in a small area.
Moisture content The amount of water vapor in the air.
Land-sea breezes Daily wind patterns caused by land and water heating differently.
Hadley Cells Large air circulation patterns near the equator where warm air rises and cooler air sinks.
Downwelling When surface water sinks to deeper parts of the ocean.
Earth’s rotation The spinning of Earth on its axis.
Warm ocean current A stream of warm ocean water moving from warmer areas to cooler areas.
Created by: user-1906169
 

 



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