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EES 3.5
Ever Isaak Suchecki
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| temperature | A measure of the average kinetic energy of particles in a substance, showing how hot or cold it is. |
| humidity | The amount of water vapor present in the air, often affecting comfort and cloud formation. |
| circulation | The continuous movement of air or water driven by uneven heating and Earth’s rotation. |
| global winds | Large-scale air movements that follow predictable patterns because of uneven heating and planetary spin. |
| jet stream | A narrow band of very strong winds high in the upper troposphere that influences weather systems. |
| atmosphere | The envelope of gases surrounding the planet, composed mainly of nitrogen and oxygen, that supports life and weather. |
| ocean | A vast interconnected body of salt water that stores heat and influences weather and climate. |
| air mass | A large body of air with uniform temperature and moisture characteristics formed over a source region. |
| cold front | A boundary where denser, cooler air advances and forces warmer air upward, often causing storms. |
| warm front | A boundary where less dense, warmer air rises gradually over retreating cooler air, usually bringing steady precipitation. |
| precipitation | Water released from clouds in liquid or solid form, such as rain, snow, sleet, or hail. |
| temperature gradient | The rate of change in warmth across a certain distance. |
| hurricane | A large, rotating tropical storm with sustained winds over 74 mph that forms over warm ocean water. |
| thunderstorm | A storm produced by strong upward motion of moist air, resulting in lightning, heavy rain, and possibly hail or tornadoes. |
| convection | Energy transfer through the movement of fluids caused by density differences. |
| conduction | Energy transfer through direct molecular contact without movement of the material itself. |
| radiation | Energy transfer through electromagnetic waves without needing matter. |
| Pacific Ocean | The largest ocean basin, playing a major role in global climate patterns. |
| trade winds/easterlies | Persistent low-latitude winds that move from east to west toward the equator. |
| westerlies | Prevailing mid-latitude winds that move from west to east. |
| global impacts | Worldwide environmental or climate effects resulting from large-scale processes. |
| El Niño | A periodic warming of central and eastern Pacific surface waters that shifts weather patterns worldwide. |
| La Niña | A periodic cooling of central and eastern Pacific surface waters that alters global weather patterns. |
| warm ocean current | A stream of heated surface water that transfers energy from low to higher latitudes. |
| Gulf Stream | A powerful Atlantic current that carries warm water from the Gulf of Mexico toward Europe. |
| coastal regions | Areas where land meets the ocean, often experiencing moderated temperatures. |
| oceanic conveyor belt | The global system of deep and surface currents driven by temperature and salinity differences. |
| coriolis effect | The apparent deflection of moving air or water due to planetary rotation. |
| heat | The transfer of thermal energy from a warmer object to a cooler one. |
| wind belts | Broad zones of prevailing winds located between major circulation cells. |
| equator | The zero-degree latitude line receiving the most direct sunlight annually. |
| poles | The northernmost and southernmost points receiving the least direct sunlight. |
| ocean gyres | Large circular current systems formed by global winds and rotation. |
| thermohaline circulation | Deep-ocean movement controlled by differences in temperature and salt concentration. |
| surface temperatures | Measurements of warmth at the upper layer of land or water that influence weather. |
| deep currents | Slow-moving water flows beneath the ocean surface driven by density differences. |
| regional climate | Long-term weather patterns characteristic of a particular area. |
| temperature gradient | a physical quantity that describes in which direction and at what rate the temperature changes the most rapidly around a particular location. |
| climate zones | Major divisions of Earth classified by average temperature and precipitation patterns. |
| Maritime Tropical | Warm, humid air formed over tropical oceans. |
| Maritime Polar | Cool, moist air formed over high-latitude oceans. |
| Continental Tropical | Hot, dry air formed over subtropical land areas. |
| Continental Polar | Cold, dry air formed over high-latitude land areas. |
| Continental Arctic | Extremely cold, very dry air formed over polar regions. |
| seasons | Periodic changes in climate caused by axial tilt as the planet orbits the Sun. |
| sea breeze | Daytime wind caused by faster heating of land than water. |
| coastal fog | Low-lying cloud formed when moist air cools near a shoreline. |
| hurricanes | a storm with a violent wind, in particular a tropical cyclone in the Caribbean. |
| local climate | Long-term weather conditions within a small geographic area. |
| moisture content | The amount of water vapor present in a given volume of air. |
| land-sea breezes | Daily wind patterns caused by differences in heating between land and water surfaces. |
| Hadley Cells | Tropical circulation loops where warm air rises near the equator and sinks near 30° latitude. |
| upwelling | The rising of cold, nutrient-rich deep water to the surface. |
| downwelling | The sinking of dense surface water to deeper ocean layers. |
| Earth’s rotation | The spinning of the planet on its axis, causing day and night and influencing wind direction. |
| atmosphere | the envelope of gases surrounding the earth or another planet. |
Created by:
Everstudy