Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Sofia Colon EES 3.5
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Temperature | A measure of how hot or cold something is, based on the average kinetic energy of particles. |
| Humidity | The amount of water vapor present in the air. |
| Circulation | The large-scale movement of air or water that distributes heat around Earth. |
| Global Winds | Major wind systems that blow consistently across large areas of Earth. |
| Jet Stream | A fast-moving ribbon of air high in the atmosphere that influences weather patterns. |
| Atmosphere | The layer of gases surrounding Earth that supports life and protects the planet. |
| Ocean | A vast body of saltwater covering most of Earth’s surface that stores and moves heat. |
| Air Mass | A large body of air with similar temperature and moisture throughout. |
| Cold Front | The boundary where a cold air mass pushes under a warm air mass, often causing storms. |
| Warm Front | The boundary where a warm air mass slides over a cold air mass, usually bringing steady rain. |
| Precipitation | Any form of water that falls from clouds, such as rain, snow, sleet, or hail. |
| Temperature Gradient | The rate at which temperature changes over a certain distance. |
| Hurricane | A powerful tropical storm with strong winds, heavy rain, and rotating clouds. |
| Thunderstorm | A storm with lightning, thunder, heavy rain, and sometimes hail or strong winds. |
| Convection | Heat transfer by the movement of fluids (liquids or gases), like warm air rising. |
| Conduction | Heat transfer through direct contact between materials. |
| Radiation | Heat transfer through energy waves, such as heat from the Sun. |
| Pacific Ocean | The largest ocean on Earth, located between Asia/Australia and the Americas. |
| Trade Winds (Easterlies) | Steady winds that blow from east to west near the equator. |
| Westerlies | Winds that blow from west to east in the mid-latitudes. |
| Global impacts | Effects that influence the entire Earth, such as changes in climate, oceans, or weather patterns worldwide. |
| El Niño | A climate pattern where the central and eastern Pacific Ocean becomes unusually warm, often causing wetter weather in some places and droughts in others. |
| La Niña | The opposite of El Niño; cooler-than-normal Pacific Ocean waters that can change weather patterns globally. |
| Warm ocean current | A stream of ocean water that moves warm water from the equator toward the poles, affecting nearby climates. |
| Gulf Stream | A powerful warm ocean current in the Atlantic Ocean that carries warm water from the Gulf of Mexico toward Europe. |
| Coastal regions | Areas of land located near oceans or seas, often with milder temperatures and higher humidity. |
| Oceanic conveyor belt | The global system of deep and surface ocean currents that moves water, heat, and nutrients around the planet. |
| Coriolis effect | The apparent bending of moving air and water caused by Earth’s rotation (right in the Northern Hemisphere, left in the Southern). |
| Heat | Energy that is transferred between objects or areas because of temperature differences. |
| Wind belts | Large global patterns of prevailing winds that blow in specific directions across Earth. |
| Equator | The imaginary line around the middle of Earth that divides it into Northern and Southern Hemispheres; receives the most direct sunlight. |
| Poles | The northernmost and southernmost points on Earth (North Pole and South Pole), which receive the least direct sunlight. |
| Ocean gyres | Large circular systems of ocean currents caused by global winds and the Coriolis effect. |
| Thermohaline circulation | Deep ocean circulation driven by differences in water temperature (thermo) and salinity (haline). |
| Surface temperatures | The temperature of the ocean’s upper layer or Earth’s surface, which strongly affects weather and climate. |
| Deep currents | Slow-moving ocean currents deep below the surface, driven mainly by density differences. |
| Regional climate | The typical weather patterns of a specific area over a long period of time. |
| Temperature gradient | The rate at which temperature changes over a certain distance. |
| Maritime Tropical (mT) | Warm, humid air masses formed over tropical oceans. |
| Maritime Polar (mP) | Cool, moist air masses formed over cold oceans. |
| Continental Tropical (cT) | Hot, dry air masses formed over land in the tropics. |
| Continental Polar (cP) | Cold, dry air masses formed over land in high latitudes |
| Continental Arctic (cA) | Extremely cold, very dry air masses formed near the Arctic. |
| Seasons | Periodic changes in weather and daylight caused by Earth’s tilt and its orbit around the Sun. |
| Sea breeze | A daytime wind that blows from the ocean toward land because land heats up faster than water. |
| Coastal fog | Thick fog that forms near coastlines when moist air cools over colder ocean water. |
| Hurricanes | Powerful rotating tropical storms that form over warm ocean water and bring strong winds and heavy rain. |
| Local climate | The typical weather conditions of a small, specific area. |
| Moisture content | The amount of water vapor present in the air. |
| Land-sea breezes | Daily wind patterns caused by temperature differences between land and water (includes sea breeze by day and land breeze by night). |
| Hadley Cells | Large atmospheric circulation loops near the equator where warm air rises and cooler air sinks, helping drive trade winds. |
| Upwelling | The rising of cold, nutrient-rich deep ocean water to the surface. |
| Downwelling | The sinking of surface water to deeper parts of the ocean. |
| Earth’s rotation | The spinning of Earth on its axis every 24 hours, which causes day and night and influences wind and ocean currents. |
| Atmosphere | The layer of gases surrounding Earth that protects life and controls weather and climate. |
Created by:
user-1997002