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English P6
Synthesis and Transformation
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Complete the sentence: Had they left any later for the train station, they _____ the train. | would have missed |
| Transform using "rather": "Jolene prefers to stay at home. She does not want to attend the party." | Jolene would rather stay at home than attend the party. |
| Transform using "prefer": "I like tea more than coffee." | I prefer tea to coffee. |
| Rewrite using nominalization: "He finished the project because his friends helped him." → With the _____ of his friends, he finished the project. | assistance |
| Rewrite using a specific phrase: "Only Daniel did not have a good time." → With the _____ Daniel, everyone had a good time. | exception of |
| Transform using "Having": "After they had discussed the plan, they took action." → Having _____ the plan, they took action. | discussed |
| Transform using nominalization: "Devi was excited to sign up." → It was with great _____ that Devi signed up. | excitement |
| "Where did you put the book I gave you?" Mother asked Devi. (Mother asked Devi where...) | Mother asked Devi where she had put the book she had given her. |
| The waiter was very polite. We tipped him generously. (Due to the...) | Due to the waiter's politeness, we tipped him generously. |
| Tom must complete his chores. Then he can go out to play. (Only after...) | Only after Tom has completed his chores can he go out to play. |
| If you do not practice regularly, you will not improve your skills. (Unless) | Unless you practice regularly, you will not improve your skills. |
| I have never seen such a beautiful sunset before. (Never) | Never have I seen such a beautiful sunset before. |
| The heavy rain did not stop the soccer match from continuing. (In spite of) | In spite of the heavy rain, the soccer match continued. |
| "Why are you late for practice?" the coach asked Peter. (The coach asked Peter why...) | The coach asked Peter why he was late for practice. |
| Sarah is a talented singer. She is also a skilled pianist. (Not only) | Not only is Sarah a talented singer but she is also a skilled pianist. |
| The thief ran away when he saw the police officer. (On) | On seeing the police officer, the thief ran away. |
| The baker made the cake. It was delicious. (The cake which...) | The cake which the baker made was delicious. |
| Ali was exhausted. He still finished the marathon. (Exhausted as...) | Exhausted as Ali was, he still finished the marathon. |
| "I will visit the museum tomorrow," said Siti. (Siti said that...) | Siti said that she would visit the museum the following day. |
| The team practiced hard. They won the championship. (Because of their...) | Because of their hard practice, the team won the championship. |
| Neither the boys nor their sister is going to the party. (Both the boys and their sister...) | Both the boys and their sister are going to the party. |
| The library was noisy. I could not concentrate on my studies. (The library was so...) | The library was so noisy that I could not concentrate on my studies. |
| "Have you finished your homework?" my brother asked me. (My brother asked me whether...) | My brother asked me whether I had finished my homework. |
| The students were excited about the field trip. They could not sleep. (Excited by...) | Excited by the field trip, the students could not sleep. |
| Mr. Lee is very old, but he still exercises every day. (Despite his...) | Despite his old age, Mr. Lee still exercises every day. |
| Jane must hurry, or she will miss the bus. (....Lest....) | Jane must hurry lest she miss the bus. |
| Although the basketball team met with many obstacles, they managed to win. (Despite) | Despite meeting with many obstacles, the basketball team managed to win. |
| "William never came over again after that day," said Mrs. Tan. (Mrs. Tan said that) | Mrs. Tan said that William had never gone over again after that day. |
| She's seen the suspicious-looking man before, hasn't she? (The officer asked...) | The officer asked if she had seen the suspicious-looking man before. |
| Mr. Ahmad asked my brother and me to help him. (We were asked...) | We were asked by Mr. Ahmad to help him. |
| She mistook the man sitting next to her for her husband. (The man sitting next to her...) | The man sitting next to her was mistaken for her husband by her. |
| Wan Li and I brought our pet dog for a walk. (Our pet dog...) | Our pet dog was brought out for a walk by Wan Li and me. |
| Despite her small frame, she could move the heavy sofa. (Although she...) | Although she had a small frame, she could move the heavy sofa. |
| The police are no closer to catching the thieves. (No closer...) | No closer are the police to catching the thieves. |
| "I'm not fond of animals, so I don't keep pets," said Michael. (Michael said that) | Michael said that he was not fond of animals and so he did not keep pets. |
| Chef Daniel is known for his expertise in preparing unusual dishes. (Chef Daniel is an expert...) | Chef Daniel is an expert at preparing unusual dishes. |
| The puzzle was difficult to solve, but Alex persisted. (Difficult as...) | Difficult as the puzzle was to solve, Alex persisted. |
| Kingsley saw his mother cooking and offered to help. (On seeing...) | On seeing his mother cooking, Kingsley offered to help. |
| "Should you have any questions, I'll be glad to explain," said Mr. Raj. (Mr. Raj said that if...) | Mr. Raj said that if they had any questions, he would be glad to explain. |
| The students were happy to help their grandfather. (It gave...) | It gave the students happiness to help their grandfather. |
| Jacky suggested that they make digital copies. (Jacky's suggestion was...) | Jacky's suggestion was that they make digital copies. |
| The Primary 1 pupils have left their plates on the table again. (The plates...) | The plates have been left on the table again by the Primary 1 pupils. |
| Primary 5 pupils can pair up with Primary 1 pupils for recess. (Recess is when...) | Recess is when Primary 5 pupils can pair up with Primary 1 pupils. |
| "Why don't you ask to be excused?" Tammy asked Kelly. (Tammy asked Kelly why...) | Tammy asked Kelly why she did not ask to be excused. |
| The team remained determined in spite of the obstacles. (Determined as...) | Determined as the team was, they remained so in spite of the obstacles. |
| The weary hiker had been trekking for hours before he collapsed. (Having...) | Having trekked for hours, the weary hiker collapsed. |
| Rewrite the sentence using “Although”. Original: He was extremely tired. He continued working until midnight. | Although he was extremely tired, he continued working until midnight. |
| Rewrite the sentence using “too … to”. Original: The suitcase was so heavy that the boy could not lift it. | The suitcase was too heavy for the boy to lift. |
| Rewrite the sentence using “unless”. Original: You will fail the test if you do not study hard. | You will fail the test unless you study hard. |
| Rewrite the sentence using “despite”. Original: The rain was very heavy, but the match was not cancelled. | Despite the heavy rain, the match was not cancelled. |
| Rewrite the sentence using “so that”. Original: The teacher spoke loudly because she wanted everyone to hear her. | The teacher spoke loudly so that everyone could hear her. |
| Rewrite the sentence using the passive voice. Original: The careless cyclist knocked down the old man. | The old man was knocked down by the careless cyclist. |
| Rewrite the sentence using reported speech. Original: “I will finish my homework tomorrow,” said Jason. | Jason said that he would finish his homework the next day. |
| Rewrite the sentence using “had already”. Original: She finished her dinner before her parents returned home. | She had already finished her dinner before her parents returned home. |
| Rewrite the sentence using “not only … but also”. Original: The girl was polite. She was helpful as well. | The girl was not only polite but also helpful. |
| Rewrite the sentence using “neither … nor”. Original: The boy did not apologise. He did not explain his mistake. | The boy neither apologised nor explained his mistake. |
| Rewrite the sentence using “If … had …, would have …”. Original: He did not wake up early, so he missed the first bus. | If he had woken up early, he would not have missed the first bus. |
| Rewrite the sentence using “Otherwise”. Original: Hurry up, or you will be late for school. | Hurry up. Otherwise, you will be late for school. |
| Rewrite the sentence using “hardly”. Original: She seldom eats fast food. | She hardly eats fast food. |
| Rewrite the sentence using “as … as”. Original: This puzzle is more difficult than the previous one. | This puzzle is not as easy as the previous one. |
| Rewrite the sentence using “It was … who”. Original: The teacher praised the hardworking pupil. | It was the hardworking pupil who was praised by the teacher. |
| He was exhausted. He still helped his mother with the chores. Begin with: Although | Despite the heavy rain, they continued playing outdoors. |
| You will not improve if you do not practise regularly. Begin with: Unless | Unless you practise regularly, you will not improve. |
| The guard spoke softly because he did not want to disturb the patients. Begin with: The guard spoke softly so that | The guard spoke softly so that he would not disturb the patients. |
| The box was so large that it could not fit into the cupboard. Begin with: The box was too | The box was too large to fit into the cupboard. |
| This exercise is easier than the one we did yesterday. Begin with: This exercise is not | This exercise is not as difficult as the one we did yesterday. |
| The storm damaged several houses in the village. Begin with: Several houses | Several houses in the village were damaged by the storm. |
| “I have finished my project,” said Hana. Begin with: Hana said that | Hana said that she had finished her project. |
| “Where did you put my wallet?” asked Mr Tan. Begin with: Mr Tan asked | Mr Tan asked where I had put his wallet. |
| The girl is my cousin. She won the competition. Begin with: The girl who | The girl who won the competition is my cousin. |
| [Despite] Although it rained heavily, the football match continued. | Despite the heavy rain, the football match continued. Marker's Tip: 'Despite' must be followed by a noun phrase or a gerund (-ing). Never use 'Despite of'—that is a common error. |
| [Much to] Sarah was very disappointed that she failed the test. | Much to Sarah's disappointment, she failed the test. Marker's Tip: This requires Nominalization. You must change the adjective 'disappointed' into the noun 'disappointment'. |
| [Unless] If you do not study hard, you will not pass the exam. | Unless you study hard, you will not pass the exam. Marker's Tip: 'Unless' means 'if not'. Avoid double negatives; do not write 'Unless you do not study'. |
| [Not only] Devi is talented. She is also very humble. | Not only is Devi talented but she is also very humble. Marker's Tip: When starting with 'Not only', use inversion (verb before subject). It is 'Not only is Devi', not 'Not only Devi is'. |
| [...As well as...] The teacher and the students are going on a field trip. | The teacher, as well as the students, is going on a field trip. Marker's Tip: Subject-Verb Agreement! When using 'as well as', the verb must agree with the first subject (The teacher), which is singular. |
| [No sooner] The bell rang and the students rushed out of the classroom immediately. | No sooner had the bell rung than the students rushed out of the classroom. Marker's Tip: 'No sooner' is always paired with 'than'. Ensure you use the Past Perfect 'had + past participle' for the first action. |
| [...Prefer...] I like swimming more than running. | I prefer swimming to running. Marker's Tip: The fixed structure is 'Prefer (A) to (B)'. Do not use 'Prefer (A) more than (B)'. |
| [Hardly] The show started and the lights went out immediately. | Hardly had the show started when the lights went out. Marker's Tip: 'Hardly' is always paired with 'when'. Like 'No sooner', it requires subject-verb inversion. |
| [...Lest...] You should wear a coat so that you do not catch a cold. | Wear a coat lest you catch a cold. Marker's Tip: 'Lest' means 'to prevent the risk of'. It is followed by the base form of the verb without 'should' or 'not'. |
| [Whatever] It does not matter what he says, I will not change my mind. | Whatever he says, I will not change my mind. Marker's Tip: 'Whatever' acts as a universal relative pronoun to replace 'It does not matter what'. |
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