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0104DEN
Sealants
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| sealants are defined as a .... | clinical procedure where a thin coating of a dental material is applied to the pits and fissures of the occlusal surface of posterior teeth to form a physical barrier to prevent dental caries. |
| _____ has produced an overall decrease in dental caries, the greatest benefits from ______ occur on the smooth surface of the enamel | fluoride |
| many of the US states and Canadian provinces and territories permit the placement of dental sealants to be delegated to the credentialed..... | dental assistant |
| the use of pit and fissure sealants have proved that sealants are an effective way of preventing..... | the development of dental caries |
| sealants are 100% effective in ... | preventing and arresting the development of decay of primary and permanent molars in children and adolescents |
| bacteria cannot survive beneath a properly placed sealant because.... | the carbohydrates that they need to survive cannot reach them |
| the number of bacteria in small, existing carious lesions that had been properly sealed actually ______ dramatically over time | decreases |
| occlusal surfaces of teeth that have large, obvious dental caries (should or should not) be sealed | should NOT |
| saliva helps remove food particles from other ares of the mouth but it does not clean ..... | deep pits and fissures |
| _______ & ______ are often deep narrow channels in the enamel surface that can extend close to the dentinoenamel junction. | pits & fissures |
| enamel that lies at the base of the fissures is ______ than the enamel around the rest of the tooth | thinner |
| because the enamel at the base of the fissure is so thin, it makes it more likely for.... | tooth decay to occur and any decay that does form will penetrate through the enamel and progress more quickly into the pulp |
| sealant acts as a _____________ that prevents decay | physical barrier |
| small food particles _______ penetrate through or around a sealant | cannot |
| if the sealant remains intact, the tooth is... | protected |
| if part of the sealant or bond is broken what happends? | the sealant protection is lost |
| sealants should be used as part of a preventive program which includes the use of....... | fluorides, dietary considerations, plaque control, and regular dental exams |
| pit and fissure sealants are especially useful through the caries-active period, which is ages ________ | 6-15 years |
| ______ also benefit from sealants if their teeth have visible depressions and grooves indicating a higher incidence in developing decay | adults |
| which adult teeth may have deep pits that could be protected by sealants as well | max central and lateral incisors |
| indications for sealant placement, pt with.... | -poor oral hygiene -high caries risk -lack of exposure to fluoride -high sugar diet |
| indications for sealant placement, pt who has teeth with.. | dentinal defects like amelogenesis imperfecta |
| indications for sealant placement for patients with underlying... | systemic diseases that affect the oral environment |
| indications for sealant placement who take | medications that affect the oral environment |
| indications for sealant placement if the tooth is.. | fully erupted, entire occlusal surface must be exposed |
| contraindication for sealant placement: high level of | enamel mineralization with lack of deep pits and fissures |
| contraindication for sealant placement: obvious dental... | decay on occlusal surface |
| contraindication for sealant placement: proximal... | surface decay that would include the occlusal surface to be restored |
| insufficiently erupted teeth an indication or contraindication for sealant | contraindication |
| would a sealant be placed on primary tooth expected to be lost soon? | no |
| poor pt cooperation in the dental chair is another reason that.... | sealant would not be placed (contraindication) |
| sealant material is a combination of | chemicals, fillers, and resins |
| sealant material is placed in the tooth's pit and fissures in a fluid form with material either hardening by..... | chemical reaction or light cured |
| what are the most commonly used sealant material | composite resins |
| composite resins seal to the pit and fissures how | by mechanical retention that is created from preparing the area with enamel etching |
| characteristics of composite resin: contamination of tooth surface from moisture or saliva can... | -prevent adherence of the material |
| characteristics of composite resin: hardens from a polymerization reaction initiated by... | a chemical reaction or curing light |
| more characteristics of composite resin: | -more shrinking on setting -less expansion -higher retention rate |
| ______ sealant is a more flexible material, which is applied to the pit and fissures in the occlusal surface and bonds to the dentin and enamel | glass ionomer |
| glass ionomer sealant is hydrophilic, allowing the material to... | chemically bon to the tooth in a moist environment |
| glass ionomer sealant undergoes an acid-base reaction as it... | hardens |
| which sealant material has less shrinkage on setting | glass ionomer |
| which sealant material releases fluoride slowly over the course of years which help strengthen the enamel | glass ionomer sealant |
| glass ionomer sealant material has antibacterial properties to keep teeth | strong |
| more characteristics of glass ionomer sealant | -blends well with the color of teeth -low thermal expansion -low tensile strength |
| theory: fluoride released from the sealant may create a fluoride rich layer at the base of the sealed groove, helping to remineralize incipient enamel caries T F | true, this fluoride rich layer is also thought to make the pit or fissure more resistant to decay if the sealant is lost |
| fluoride containing polishing paste SHOULD or SHOULDNT be applied to the enamel surface immediately before/after a sealant procedure is performed. | SHOULDNT |
| sealant materials are available as _____ or ______ | filled or unfilled resins |
| the purpose of filler material in the sealant is to make it more... | wear resistant |
| filler particles may be ______ and can be seen on radiographs | radiopaque (white) |
| filled and unfilled sealants penetrate fissures equally well with no difference in microleakage. whats microleakage | leakage between the tooth surface and the sealant material |
| unfilled sealant material does not require occlusal adjustment after placement because | the natural wear is sufficient to establish occlusion |
| filled resin does require checking of the occlusion and possible .... | adjustment with a stone or bur |
| polymerization | setting or curing |
| some brands of sealants can be self cured aka | chemical cured or auto polymerizing |
| some brands of sealant can be self cured and some are | light cured |
| chemical cured materials are supplied as a two part system, they are | base and catalyst |
| with chemical cured materials, when these liquids are mixed together, they quickly.... | polymerize (harden) |
| within how many minutes does chemical cured material take to set | 1 minute |
| light cured sealants dont require.. | mixing |
| visible light cured sealants are polymerized by | photo initiators in the resin that are sensitive to the visible blue light spectrum |
| advantages of chemical cured sealants | -no curing light needed -no risk to retina from curing light -sealants can be applied to several teeth without need to go back and cure each one with light |
| disadvantages of chemical cured sealants: setting time | -setting time can vary (warmer = quicker) |
| disadvantages of chemical cured sealants: self cured sealants polymerize to final set within... | 2 mins from start of mixing the two components |
| disadvantages of chemical cured sealants: mixing two liquids together introduces.. | bubbles into the material that could produce voids in the completed sealant |
| disadvantages of chemical cured sealants: viscosity (thickness) of the material _____ from the start of the mix | increases. when the material is applied to several teeth the ability of the material to flow well into tight fissures diminishes with time and a new mix may be needed |
| light cured sealants advantages: | -material sets in short period (20 secs) -time for application is not limited -mixing not required -viscosity remains low until light cured |
| light cured sealants disadvantages | -curing light cause retina damage -curing light and filter are added expenses -only the material directly under the light tip is completely cured |
| sealants may be (color) | clear, tinted, opaque (white) |
| ___________ color sealants are more popular because they are easier to see during application and during recall checks | tinted or opaque |
| some brands have a tint that is visible during application but turns ______ after polymerization | clear |
| storage of sealants: replace... | caps on syringes and bottles immediately after use |
| storage of sealants: do not | -expose materials to air and light -store materials in proximity to eugenol containing products |
| storage of sealants: most etchant and sealant materials are designed to be used at.... | room temp |
| storage of sealants: the shelf life of most sealant products at room temp ranges from | 18-36 months |
| some brand sealants must be stored in the fridge T F | true |
| the occlusal surface must first be cleaned with a rubber cup and pumice, or by air polishing to remove | any surface debris that would interfere with acid etching |
| all stains, deposits, debris, and plaque should be removed, followed by | thorough rinsing and drying |
| ______ (air abrasion) units are sometimes used bu the dentist before dental sealants are applied to open the fissures, to remove and slight decay, or prepare the site for placement of a sealant | microabrasion |
| the cutting ability of microabrasion units can be controlled to remove minimal amounts of tooth structure, and high pressure particles are delivered through... | a small handpiece like device |
| inadequate etching is a factor in loss of... | sealant retention |
| what is etch made of | 37% phosphoric acid |
| what does etch do | roughen the surface and open the pores in the enamel for penetration of the resin sealant |
| isolation is recommended in the area where etchant is place to prevent | from injuring soft tissue |
| what can also be placed in interproximal spaces to prevent injury to soft tissue from etchant | mylar matrix strips or metal matrix bands |
| moisture on tooth can result in failure of the sealant to | adhere |
| if moisture contamination occurs, the sealant could be lost immediately or partially lost later, or leakage can occur around the partially retained sealant, resulting in | decay beneath the sealant |
| after etching, ____, and ____ of the enamel, isolation of the field is very important | rinsing, and drying |
| which teeth are the ones that most frequently lose sealants because they are most difficult teeth to maintain isolation when rubber dam isnt used | max and mand second molars |
| what is referred to as sealant retention | the effectiveness of dental sealants depends on how well and how long the sealant remains on the tooth |
| what is the primary cause of failure of sealant retention | moisture contamination |
| after sealant is complete, follow up with.. | articulating paper to check for high spots |
| read troubleshooting p.919 | |
| if accidental contact with etchant, immediately... | flush the area with large amounts of water |
| sealant material contains ______ resins | acrylate |
| do not use sealants on patients with known ________ | acrylate allergies |
| acrylates may ______ gloves | penetrate |
| what to do if sealant contacts gloves | remove and discard gloves, wash hands immediately with soap and water |
| sealant material also contains... | BPA (bisphenol-A) |
| ____ supports findings that there is not enough to cause harm for BPA exposure from sealants | ADA |
| sealants could last ____ years | 5-10 |
| utilization of sealants is only ___% for low income children | 30 |
Created by:
marthaadrong