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Foundations of radio
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| ALARA concept | Concept of radiation protection that states that all exposures should be kept “as low as reasonably achievable.” |
| Anode (AN-ode) | The positive electrode in the x-ray tube. |
| Atom | Basic unit of matter |
| Bremsstrahlung radiation | The sudden deceleration of electrons as they interact with highly positively charged nuclei. |
| Cathode (KATH-ode) | The negative electrode in the x-ray tube. |
| Central ray | X-rays at the center of the beam. |
| Contrast Differences | in degrees of blackness on an image. |
| Control panel | The portion of the x-ray unit that contains the master switch, the indicator light, the selector buttons, and the exposure button. |
| Density | The overall darkness or blackness of an image. |
| Dental radiography (ray-dee-OG-ruh-fee) | The process of recording images of the teeth and adjacent structures by exposure to x-radiation. |
| Digital imaging | A filmless method of capturing an image and displaying it by using an image receptor, an electronic signal, and a computer to process and store the image. |
| Distortion Change | in the size of an image caused by incorrect vertical angulation. |
| Dose (of radiation) | The amount of energy absorbed by tissues. |
| Dosimeter | A device used to detect and measure an accumulated dosage of radiation. |
| Electron | A negatively charged particle in the atom. |
| Energy | The ability to do work |
| Extension arm | Arm that is attached to the x-ray tube head |
| Genetic | Effects of radiation that are passed onto the future future generations through genetic cells |
| Image | Film based or digitally producer recordings of an atomic structure |
| Image receptor | Recording medium for an image normally film |
| Intensity | The total energy of the x-ray beam |
| Ion | An electrically charged particle |
| Ionization | Process by which electrons are removed from atoms, causing the harmful effects of radiation and humans |
| Kilo voltage | Highest voltage of x-ray tube used during an exposure |
| Latent period | Time between exposure to ionizing radiation and appearance of symptoms |
| Lead apron | Device used to protect the reproductive and blood forming tissues from scatter radiation |
| Magnification | The proportional enlargement of an image |
| Master switch, indicator light, selector buttons, exposure button | Components of control panel |
| Matter | Anything that occupied space and has form or shape |
| Milliampere | One 1000 of an ampere unit of measurement used to describe the intensity of an electrical current |
| Penumbra | The blur or instinct area that surrounds an image |
| Personal radiation monitoring badge | A device that measures exposure of personnel to ionizing radiation by measuring the intensity of visible light emitted from a crystal in the detective when heated. The intensity of light emitted is dependent upon the radiation exposure. |
| Photon | A minute bundle of pure energy that has no weight or mass |
| Primary beam | The most penetrating being produced at the target of the adone |
| Primary radiation | Same as primary beam |
| Quality of x-ray beam | The main energy or penetrating ability of the x-ray beam |
| Quantity of x-ray beam | The number of x-rays produced in the dental unit, quantity of x-rays produce is controlled by millaperage |
| Radiograph | Image produced on photosensitive film by exposing the film to radiation and then processing it |
| Radiation | Forms of waves of energy, emission through space or material |
| Radiology | The science or study of radiation as used in medicine |
| Scatter radiation | A form of secondary radiation that occurs when an x-ray beam has been deflected from its path by interaction with matter |
| Secondary radiation | X radiation that is creative when primary beams interact with matter |
| Sensor | A solid state image receptor that contains a silicon chip with an electric unit |
| Sharpness | A measure of Howell, an image reproduces the details or outline of an object |
| Somatic effects | Effects of radiation that causes illness and are responsible for poor health, but are not passed on to offspring |
| Thyroid collar | Flexible, lead shield that is securely around the neck |
| Tube head | The part of the unit that contains the x-ray tube, the high voltage and low-voltage transformers and insulating oil |
| Thugsten target | A focal spot in the anode |
| X Radiation | High energy, ionizing, electromagnetic radiation |
| Automatic processor | Automates, all film, processing steps |
| Beam alignment device | Assist in the positioning of the position indicator device |
| Bitewing | Image that shows the crown of both arches on one film |
| Calcium tungstate | Common type of phosphor |
| Cassette | Contains extraoral films during exposure |
| Cephlometric film | Shows the Bodie and soft tissue areas of the facial profile |
| Charge coupled device | A solid state image sensor used in intraoral digital imaging |
| Digital image | Electronics signal captured by sensors and displayed on computer monitors |
| Digitize | Scanning of traditional film into a dental image |
| Duplicating film | Film designs for use and duplicating machines |
| Emulsion | A coating on the x-ray that contains energy, sensitive crystals |
| Extra oral film | Designed for use in cassettes |
| Film speed | The sensitivity of the emulsion on the film to radiation |
| Intensifying screen | The part inside and extra oral cassette that converts x-ray energy into visible light, which intern exposes screen film |
| Intraoral film | Film design for placement in patient mouth |
| Label side | Side of the film, that faces the tongue |
| Latent image | The invisible image on the x-ray film after exposure but before processing |
| Occlusal | Radiographic view that shows large areas of the maxilla or mandible |
| Panoramic film | Used in cassettes to provide a wide view of both the upper and lower jaws |
| Periapical | Radiographic view that shows the crown, root tip, and surrounding structures |
| Phosphor storage plate | Reusable film sized plates coded with phosphor as the image receptor |
| Positioning instruments | Intraoral devices used to position and hold the film, sensor, or PSP |
| Processing | A series of steps that change exposed film into a radiograph steps include renting, developing, fixing washing and drying |
| Radiograph | Produced on photo sensitive film by exposing the film two radiation and then processing it |
| TeleDentistry | Process of using electronic transfer of images and other information or consultation and or insurance purposes in dentistry |
| Tube side | Solid white side of the film packet that faces the x-ray tube |
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