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ACA exam 1 review
Ag Chem App Exam 1 review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is a Section 3 label? | normal, full federal label granted (won't say Section 3) |
| What is a Section 24(c) label? | aka: Special Local Need an additional label to the original one that adds specific crops/uses not on the original label. Becomes permanent once granted |
| What is a Section 18 label? | Emergency Exemption- temporary label granted to control a pest emergency. Will have a specific location designation and a specific time period for use |
| What is a Section 25(b) label? | Minimum risk- does not require full EPA review as it is a known, safe chemical |
| What is the order from least to most toxic signal word | Caution, warning, danger, danger/poison |
| when the pesticide is mixed with water and the pesticide is 100% soluble/dissolved. Will be clear liquid taking on the color of the pesticide | solution |
| Only occurs when an emulsifiable concentrate is mixed with water. The pesticide is dissolved in an oil solvent for this type of formation. Mixture will look like milk | emulsion |
| a spray mixture with tiny small dry particles of pesticide suspended in water int he tank. Occurs when flowables or Water-dispersable Granules are the formulation type | suspension |
| designed to improve the activity of the pesticide | activator adjuvant |
| improves spray droplet retention, spread, and contact on the surface of plant leaves. Nonionic is most common type | sufactant |
| primarily increase the absorption of the pesticide into the plant leaf by dissolving the waxy cuticle layer on the leaf surface Two main types: Crop Oil Concentrate & Methylated Seed Oils | adjuvant oils |
| these serve as activator adjuvants by primarily improving pesticide absorption and activity Main types: Ammonium Sulfate and Urea Ammonium Nitrate | nitrogen-based fertilizers |
| adjuvants change the properties of the spray mixture, but do not have any direct effect on the pesticide | Special-purpose or Utility adjuvants |
| these prevent salts that might be in water from having a negative effect on the control by the pesticide | water conditioning agents |
| these prevent physical problems from mixing 2 or more chemicals together in the spray tank | compatibility agents |
| these are known as "stickers", increasing a pesticide's ability to stick to a target's surface | deposition agents |
| reduce the formation of small droplets that are susceptible to wind drift | drift control agents and thickeners |
| controls the foaming that occurs in the tank from some pesticides | defoaming agents |
| Describe physical incompatibility | visible problems occurring in spray tank such as crystals, precipitates, or slime |
| Describe chemical incompatibility | problem not visible in spray tank, but poor pest control occurs |
| Describe acute toxicity | short term, immediate |
| Describe chronic toxicity | long term injury |
| What determines hazard (risk) level | toxicity & exposure |
| How is acute toxicity measured/expressed | as an LD50 or the dose that kills 50% of the test animals |
| What pesticides are inhalation risks | pesticides formulated as dusts, powders, & gas |
| What pesticides are dermal risk | emulsifiable concentrate and flowable formulations (contain oil solvents) |
| Describe WALES | Wettable powders and water dispersible granules Agitate tank mix thoroughly Liquid flowables and suspensions Emulsifiable concentrate formulations Surfactants/Solutions |
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