Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
World history 16-17
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What was the primary goal of the Congress of Vienna? | To restore order and stability in Europe after Napoleon's conquests. |
| Who were the main figures at the Congress of Vienna? | Lord Castlereagh (Britain), Czar Alexander I (Russia), and Prince Klemens von Metternich (Austria). |
| What was Metternich's aim at the Congress of Vienna? | To reverse the trends of the French Revolution and restore pre-Revolution conditions. |
| Who represented France at the Congress of Vienna? | Charles Maurice de Talleyrand. |
| What was the Congress's approach to France after the Napoleonic Wars? | They were relatively lenient, seeking to encircle France with strong powers. |
| What did the Congress of Vienna do regarding Napoleon's rulers? | They removed Napoleon's rulers and restored those whom he had unseated. |
| What was the purpose of the Quadruple Alliance established in 1815? | To maintain the Vienna settlements and preserve peace in Europe. |
| What was the outcome of the Congress of Vienna regarding European territories? | Territories were compensated to victors of the Napoleonic Wars, and the map of Europe was redrawn. |
| What was the significance of the Treaty of London? | It recognized the independence of Belgium after the July Revolution. |
| What sparked the July Revolution in France in 1830? | The reactionary policies of King Charles X. |
| What was the response of the major powers to the Greek revolt against the Ottoman Empire? | Britain, Russia, and France intervened and secured Greek independence. |
| What did the Congress of Vienna aim to achieve with the balance of power? | To ensure no single nation could dominate Europe as France had done. |
| What did the Congress of Vienna do to address the territorial losses of nations affected by Napoleon? | They compensated those nations with additional territory. |
| What was the main outcome of the Congress of Vienna in terms of national boundaries? | The map of Europe was redrawn with little regard for the interests of various national groups. |
| What did the new French constitution established in 1848 provide? | Universal manhood suffrage (all men could vote). |
| Who won the presidency of the Second Republic in December 1848? | Louis Napoleon, nephew of Napoleon Bonaparte. |
| What did Louis Napoleon proclaim himself in 1852? | Emperor Napoleon III of the Second French Empire. |
| What happened to Austrian emperor Ferdinand I in 1848? | He was forced to abdicate in favor of his nephew, Franz Josef I. |
| What policy did Czar Nicholas I implement to prevent uprisings? | Autocracy, Orthodoxy, and Nationalism. |
| What is Russification? | A policy to unite diverse national groups around Russian culture and traditions. |
| What was the primary cause of the failure of the revolts across Europe? | Discontentment led to violent protests, but revolutionaries quarreled among themselves. |
| What political approach did European politicians adopt after 1850? | Realpolitik, using whatever means necessary to advance national goals. |
| Who started the patriotic society Young Italy? | Giuseppe Mazzini. |
| Who was primarily responsible for unifying Italy? | Count Camillo di Cavour. |
| What did Giuseppe Garibaldi do in 1860? | He invaded Sicily with his followers known as the 'Red Shirts.' |
| What was established on March 17, 1861, in Italy? | The Kingdom of Italy was officially proclaimed. |
| Who were the pioneers of military medicine during the Crimean War? | Florence Nightingale and Mary Seacole. |
| What trade union was established by the German states under Prussia? | The Zollverein. |
| Who was the architect of political unification in Germany? | Count Otto von Bismarck. |
| What war erupted in 1866 due to Bismarck's actions? | The Austro-Prussian War, also known as the Seven Weeks' War. |
| What was the immediate cause of the Franco-Prussian War? | The dispute over the throne of Spain. |
| What title was proclaimed for Wilhelm I in 1871? | Kaiser of the German Reich (empire). |
| What did the Austro-Hungarian Empire represent? | A dual monarchy where Hungarians were made equal partners within the empire. |
| What significant reform did Alexander II implement in 1861? | He abolished serfdom, granting serfs personal freedom and the right to buy land. |
| What policies did Alexander III return to after Alexander II's death? | Harsh policies similar to those of Nicholas I. |
| Coup d'etat | A sudden overthrow of the government by a small group |
| Napoleon Bonaparte | French general who became emperor of the French (1769-1821) |
| Why was Napoleon able to become Emperor? | FEAR...citizens feared the radicals and wanted the reign of terror to stop. |
| Napoleon's accomplishments | (1) Napoleonic Code uniform set of laws (2) ended the estates system (3) set up government schools (4) extended freedom of religion |
| Who crowned Napoleon | Napoleon crowned himself |
| Battle of Waterloo (1815) | After Napoleon escapes Elba from 100 days, he rallies his troops for one last battle. Blucher of Prussia arrived just in time to doom Napoleons army. Napoleon is given to the British and they send him to exile on St. Helena |
| Scorched Earth Policy | the practice of burning crops and killing livestock during wartime so that the enemy cannot live off the land |
| Island of Elba | the small island where Napoleon was first exiled to |
| Invasion of Russia (Napoleon) | In 1812, Napoleon invaded Russia with 600,000 to 700,000 soldiers and 50,000 horses. This invasion led to the scorched earth policy which left the French hungry and cold when winter came. |
| Reasons for the French Revolution | -social tensions-weak monarchy-new enlightenment ideas-bankruptcy and famine |
| Why did the French Revolution fail? | Everyone began to focus on gaining power and no one fixed the problems that originally caused Revolution in the first place |
| Marie Antoinette | Queen of France (as wife of Louis XVI) who was unpopular her extravagance and opposition to reform contributed to the overthrow of the monarchy; she was guillotined along with her husband (1755-1793) |
| Storming of the Bastille | Paris-July 14, 1789~the medieval fortress and prison known as the Bastille contained only seven prisoners, its fall was the flashpoint of the French Revolution and it subsequently become an icon of the French Republic |
| Reign of Terror | This was the period in France where Robespierre ruled and used revolutionary terror to solidify the home front. He tried rebels and they were all judged severely and most were executed. |
| Maximilien Robespierre | "The incorruptable;" the leader of the bloodiest portion of the French Revolution. He set out to build a republic of virtue. |
| Tennis Court Oath | A pledge made by the members of France's National Assembly in 1789, in which they vowed to continue meeting until they had drawn up a new constitution |
| Bourgeoisie | the middle class, including merchants, industrialists, and professional people |
| 1st Estate / 2nd Estate / 3rd Estate | clergy, nobility, commoners |
| Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen | Statement of fundamental political rights adopted by the French National Assembly at the beginning of the French Revolution. |
| Estates General Meeting | an assembly of representatives from all 3 estates |
| Guillotine | A machine for beheading people, used as a means of execution during the French Revolution. |
| What were the main forces stirring discontent in Europe during the early 19th century? | Liberalism and nationalism. |
| What did liberalism emphasize during this period? | Individual rights, personal freedoms, and the interests of the middle class. |
| What was the Concert of Europe? | An international cooperation established to maintain the balance of power after the Congress of Vienna. |
| What did the Monroe Doctrine declare regarding European intervention in the Americas? | Any attempt to establish colonies in the Western Hemisphere would be considered an act of aggression. |
| What was the reaction of European rulers to the revolts in Spain and Italy in the early 1820s? | They were alarmed and discussed intervention at the alliance meetings. |
| What was the outcome of the Greek War of Independence? | The Treaty of Adrianople recognized Greek independence in 1829. |
| Who was Louis Philippe and what role did he play in the July Revolution? | He was chosen as king after the July Revolution produced a more liberal constitution. |
| What was the primary concern of the delegates at the Congress of Vienna regarding France? | To prevent France from becoming a threat to European security again. |
| What was the significance of the Quadruple Alliance's formation? | It marked a commitment among the major powers to uphold the decisions made at the Congress of Vienna. |
| What was the impact of the revolutions in Spain and Italy on Europe? | They spread alarm among European rulers and led to discussions of intervention. |
| What was the role of the British navy in relation to the Monroe Doctrine? | It was able to block any attempts by the European alliance to intervene in Latin America. |
| What was the reaction of the Congress of Vienna to the revolutionary ideas spread by France? | They sought to respond and suppress those ideas to maintain stability. |
| What caused revolts to erupt in central European states in the 1830s? | Stirrings of nationalism and liberalism. |
| What was the outcome of most revolts in the 1830s? | They were suppressed, but resentment remained among the lower classes. |
| What significant event occurred in Paris in 1848? | Rioting erupted, leading to the establishment of the Second French Republic. |
Created by:
user-2026088