A small gland in the brain that produces melatonin, which regulates sleep and wake cycles.

A part of the brain that links the nervous system and endocrine system. It controls the pituitary gland and helps maintain homeostasis (balance in the body).

Known as the “master gland.” It controls other endocrine glands and releases hormones that regulate growth, reproduction, and other functions.

A gland in the neck that controls metabolism (how fast your body uses energy).

A gland involved in developing the immune system, especially during childhood.

Located on top of the kidneys. Produces hormones like adrenaline and cortisol that help the body respond to stress.

Produces insulin and glucagon to regulate blood sugar levels.

Female reproductive glands that produce eggs and hormones like estrogen and progesterone.

Male reproductive glands that produce sperm and testosterone.

A female sex hormone that regulates the menstrual cycle and development of female characteristics.

A hormone that helps regulate the menstrual cycle and supports pregnancy.

A male sex hormone responsible for male characteristics and sperm production.

A hormone made by the pancreas that lowers blood sugar by helping cells take in glucose.

A stress hormone produced by the adrenal glands. It helps control blood sugar, metabolism, and inflammation.

Adrenaline (Epinephrine)

A hormone released during stress that increases heart rate, breathing, and energy levels.

A hormone that helps control water balance by telling the kidneys how much water to keep.

A hormone from the pituitary gland that stimulates growth, cell repair, and metabolism.

Positive Feedback Loop

A process where the body increases or amplifies a response. During childbirth, oxytocin increases contractions, which causes more oxytocin to be released.

Negative Feedback Loop

A process where the body reduces or stops a response to maintain balance. Example: If blood sugar is high, insulin is released to lower it.

An autoimmune disease where the body destroys insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. The body cannot make insulin.

A condition where the body does not use insulin properly (insulin resistance) or does not make enough insulin.

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endocrine

Question	Answer
Pineal Gland	A small gland in the brain that produces melatonin, which regulates sleep and wake cycles.
Hypothalamus	A part of the brain that links the nervous system and endocrine system. It controls the pituitary gland and helps maintain homeostasis (balance in the body).
Pituitary Gland	Known as the “master gland.” It controls other endocrine glands and releases hormones that regulate growth, reproduction, and other functions.
Thyroid Gland	A gland in the neck that controls metabolism (how fast your body uses energy).
Thymus	A gland involved in developing the immune system, especially during childhood.
Adrenal Gland	Located on top of the kidneys. Produces hormones like adrenaline and cortisol that help the body respond to stress.
Pancreas	Produces insulin and glucagon to regulate blood sugar levels.
Ovary	Female reproductive glands that produce eggs and hormones like estrogen and progesterone.
Testis (Testes)	Male reproductive glands that produce sperm and testosterone.
Estrogen	A female sex hormone that regulates the menstrual cycle and development of female characteristics.
Progesterone	A hormone that helps regulate the menstrual cycle and supports pregnancy.
Testosterone	A male sex hormone responsible for male characteristics and sperm production.
Insulin	A hormone made by the pancreas that lowers blood sugar by helping cells take in glucose.
Cortisol	A stress hormone produced by the adrenal glands. It helps control blood sugar, metabolism, and inflammation.
Adrenaline (Epinephrine)	A hormone released during stress that increases heart rate, breathing, and energy levels.
Vasopressin (ADH)	A hormone that helps control water balance by telling the kidneys how much water to keep.
Growth Hormone (GH)	A hormone from the pituitary gland that stimulates growth, cell repair, and metabolism.
Positive Feedback Loop	A process where the body increases or amplifies a response. During childbirth, oxytocin increases contractions, which causes more oxytocin to be released.
Negative Feedback Loop	A process where the body reduces or stops a response to maintain balance. Example: If blood sugar is high, insulin is released to lower it.
Type 1 Diabetes	An autoimmune disease where the body destroys insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. The body cannot make insulin.
Type 2 Diabetes	A condition where the body does not use insulin properly (insulin resistance) or does not make enough insulin.

Created by: Charlotte S.

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