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Federalism 3.4/3.13
Vocabulary from Florida Benchmark SS.7.CG.3.4/SS.7.CG.3.13
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Article IV of the Constitution | sets rules for how states interact with each other and the federal government; states must honor each other’s laws and other states citizens rights, return fugitives to the state where they are accused, and promises a republican government for each state |
| 10th Amendment | any powers not specifically given to the federal government by the Constitution—nor prohibited to the states—belong to the individual states or to the people |
| Federalism | a system of government that divides power between a central (national) government and regional (state) governments, allowing both to exist simultaneously within the same territory |
| Concurrent Powers | authority shared by both federal and state governments in a federal system (meaning both can create laws, collect taxes, and maintain infrastructure independently or in cooperation, rather than one level holding exclusive power |
| Enumerated Powers (expressed/delegated powers) | the specific listed authorities granted to the federal government by the U.S. Constitution; found mostly in Article I, Section 8, these powers define the precise scope of federal authority, such as taxing, coining money, and declaring war |
| Reserved powers | Rooted in the 10th Amendment, these are political powers not specifically granted to the federal government by the US Constitution, nor prohibited to the states, which are kept by individual states or the people |
| Republican form of government | citizens hold the power to elect representatives to make decisions and pass laws on their behalf; rather than direct rule, it is a representative democracy, governed by a constitution that protects individual rights against the absolute will of majority |
| Admission of new states | the constitutional process (Article IV) by which U.S. territories or independent regions become states. It involves Congress passing an enabling act for the territory to draft a constitution, followed by a final act of admission approved by Congress |
| Supremacy clause | found in Article VI of the U.S. Constitution: federal laws and treaties are the "supreme Law of the Land"; this means that if a state law conflicts with federal law, the federal law takes precedence and the state law is invalidated |
| Article VI of the Constitution | Establishes the "Supremacy Clause," declaring that federal laws/policies are the "supreme Law of the Land," taking precedence over states; it also mandates that officials take an oath to support the Constitution and bans religious tests for public office |
| Government obligations | these are programs or entitlements that the government must provide for its citizens in order to promote the general welfare of the people it rules over |
| Local government services | examples of these would be sheriff offices, recreation and parks, traffic laws, and fire/rescue and other first responders |
| State government services | examples of these would be state troopers/police, wildlife and environment protection services, healthcare and education initiatives, and driver's/car registration/licensing |
| National government services | examples of these would be Medicare/Medicaid, Social Security, veteran's assistance, immigration and naturalization services |
Created by:
CivicsDAOF