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History pt 2

QuestionAnswer
What were the effects of the revolutions in Latin America? They ended Spanish and Portuguese control and created independent countries, but many new nations struggled with political instability and economic problems.
What was nicknamed the bloodless change of power in England (1688)? The Glorious Revolution.
What traumatic event occurred in France in 1780? France faced a serious financial crisis and famine, which helped lead to the French Revolution.
Why did Maximilien Robespierre encourage the “Reign of Terror”? believed harsh punishment and executions were necessary to protect the revolution from enemies.
What type of government was established under William and Mary? A constitutional monarchy.
Who allied with the American colonists to defeat Great Britain? France allied with the colonists.
Describe the causes of the French Revolution. Heavy taxes on the Third Estate, government debt, Enlightenment ideas, food shortages, and unfair social classes.
Describe the cause of the revolutions in Latin America. Creoles were unhappy with Spanish rule, high taxes, and lack of political power. Enlightenment ideas also inspired them.
Describe the primary cause of the English Revolution. Conflict between Parliament and the king over power and rights.
Describe the primary cause of the American Revolution. Colonists were angry about taxation without representation and British control.
Define creole. A person of European descent born in Latin America.
Who joined forces to help liberate all Spanish colonies in South America? Simon Bolivar and José de San Martín.
Why was King Louis XVI executed? He was accused of treason and working against the revolution.
Explain the Tennis Court Oath. Members of the Third Estate promised not to separate until they created a new constitution for France.
Which American founding father is given credit for writing the Declaration of Independence? When? Thomas Jefferson , in 1776.
Who led the slave revolt in Haiti? Toussaint Louverture
What device did Maximilien Robespierre make famous? The guillotine
What is the “myth” statement presumably made by Queen Marie Antoinette? “Let them eat cake.”
Which 2 groups in Latin American society controlled both the government and military? Peninsulares and creoles.
What brought an end to the Reign of Terror? Robespierre was arrested and executed in 1794.
Why did the enslaved Africans in Saint Domingue choose to rebel in 1791? They wanted freedom from slavery and were inspired by Enlightenment ideas and the French Revolution.
Which Enlightenment thinker had the most impact on the 1st Amendment? Voltaire
Which Enlightenment thinker had the most impact on the US Constitution? Baron de Montesquieu
Which Enlightenment thinker had the greatest impact on the Declaration of Independence? John Locke
Who is Jean-Paul Marat? Jean-Paul Marat was a radical journalist who supported the Revolution and encouraged violence against enemies.
Identify the 3 French Estates? What population percentage are they? First Estate – Clergy (about 1%) Second Estate – Nobility (about 2%) Third Estate – Everyone else (about 97%)
What was the bloodiest phase of the French Revolution? Reign of Terror
Created by: user-1848023
 

 



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