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Chapter 7 Stack
Mr King Chapter 7 Study Stack
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Conduct Disorder | A mental health condition diagnosed in children and teens characterized by a persistent pattern of disruptive behaviors that violate the basic rights of others or major societal norms. |
| Minimal Brain Injury | An often undiagnosed, impairment of brain function. |
| Hyperactive Child Syndrome | Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by persistent, excessive activity, impulsivity, and inattention that interferes with daily life |
| Neurotransmitters | An essential chemical messengers that enable neurons to communicate across synapses, regulating bodily functions, including mood, movement, heart rate, and cognition |
| Dopamine | A critical neurotransmitter and hormone, often called the "feel-good" chemical, that acts as the brain's reward center to motivate behavior, regulate mood, and facilitate motor control, learning, and attention |
| Norepinephrine | A catecholamine that functions as both a hormone and neurotransmitter to manage stress, increase alertness, and boost blood pressure by constricting blood vessels |
| Molecular Genetics | The field of biology that studies the structure and function of genes at a molecular level, focusing on how DNA, RNA, and proteins interact to influence organismal development and heredity |
| Toxins | An antigenic poison or venom of plant or animal origin, especially one produced by or derived from microorganisms and causing disease when present at low concentration in the body. |
| Executive Functioning (EF) | Describes a number of processes involved in controlling and regulating behavior. |
| Inattention | A chronic inability to sustain focus, follow instructions, or organize tasks, resulting in careless mistakes, daydreaming, and forgetfulness |
| Hyperactivity | A state of excessive, often purposeless, movement and energy, commonly characterized by constant restlessness, fidgeting, running or climbing at inappropriate times, and excessive talking. |
| Impulsivity | The behavioral tendency to act on a whim or sudden urge, characterized by little to no forethought, reflection, or consideration of consequences. |
| Behavioral Inhibition | A temperamental trait in children characterized by a consistent, fearful, or shy response to novelty, such as new people, objects, or situations, often involving withdrawal or avoidance |
| Adaptive Behavior Skills | The learned, functional capabilities-conceptual, social, and practical—that individuals use to independently manage daily life, meet community expectations, and navigate social situations. |
| Sluggish Cognitive Tempo (SCT) | Constellation of behaviors such as staring into space, feeling drowsy during the day, losing one's train of thought, getting lost in one's thoughts, tiring easily, forgetting what one was going to say, feeling confused, etc. |
| Functional Behavioral Assessment (FBA) | A systematic, evidence-based process used to identify the underlying purpose or "function" of a student's challenging behavior |
| Contingency-Based Self-management | Uses tangible, positive reinforcement to reward specific, desired behavior changes, such as abstinence from substances or treatment compliance |
| Curriculum-Based Management (CBM) | Directly assessing student academic growth through brief, frequent, and timed probes in core subjects like reading, math, and writing. |
| Momentary Time Sampling | A discontinuous observation method used in behavioral analysis to estimate behavior frequency by recording whether a target behavior occurs only at the precise end of a predetermined interval |
| Psychostimulants | A class of psychoactive drugs—including amphetamine, methylphenidate, cocaine, and modafinil—that increase activity in the central nervous system by boosting neurotransmitters like dopamine. |
| Strattera | A non-stimulant medication used to treat ADHD in children, adolescents, and adults. |
| Ritalin | A central nervous system stimulant used to treat Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy |
| Adderall | A central nervous system stimulant used primarily to treat ADHD and narcolepsy by increasing dopamine and norepinephrine levels in the brain |
| Vyvanse | A central nervous system stimulant used to treat ADHD in adults and children (6+) and moderate-to-severe binge eating disorder in adults. |
| Paradoxical Effect of Ritalin | The phenomenon where a central nervous system stimulant causes calming, focusing, or sedating effects rather than increased agitation or energy, particularly in individuals with ADHD |
| Mind-Wandering | The common mental state where attention shifts from a primary, external task to internal, self-generated thoughts, memories, or future planning |
| Coaching | Involves identifying someone whom the person with ADHD can rely on for support. |
Created by:
chandlerhayes14