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Psychology
chapter 2 TEST
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| neuron | individual cells in the nervous system that receive, intergratem + transmit info. (neural impulses) |
| genetic info is found in what part of the neuron? | cell nucleus |
| correct neural sequence | |
| names + functions of the neuron | |
| how many neurons are in the human brain? | 100 billion |
| speed of a neuron..(myelinated vs. unmylelinated) | myelinated: faster than unmyelinated (Nodes of Ranvier) |
| neurogenesis + where it occurs | birth of neurons -lower region of the brain |
| ions help neurons do what? | provides electrical charge to fire + send chemical messages |
| mV rating for a neuron at rest | -70mV |
| mV rating for a neuron at neural threshold | -60mV |
| all-or-none principle | neuron either fires or it doesn't, like a gun -refractory period |
| synapse | aka synaptic cleft -microscopic gap between neurons |
| what do vesicles contain? | neurotransmitters |
| the "washing away"/"vacuuming effect" of NTs is technically called? | reuptake |
| NTs + what they're associated with | |
| different divisions of nervous systems + what they do | |
| endocrine system (+ what it does) | consists of glands that secrete chemicals into the blood stream that help ctrl bodily functioning |
| hormones + how they work | chemical messengers released into blood system -slower, like a letter in the mail |
| neurons in the spinal cord & the effects of injuries to these neurons | |
| knee jerk response + where it is processed | |
| lower regions of brain vs. upper/higher regions of brain, differences in what they're responsible for | |
| brain stem includes? | medulla + pons |
| medulla is responsible for? | unconscious but essential functions (breathing, heart rate, digestion) |
| cross lateralization | nerve fibers crossing from 1 side of the body to the opposite side of the brain |
| cerebellum + what it's responsible for | little brain -fine motor movement+balance -1st place alcohol affects |
| reticular activating system (RAS) is responsible for... | keeps u @ certain level of awareness -filters out unwanted stimuli |
| damage to the basal ganglia is related to what disease? | parkinson's, tourettes, OCD, huntington's |
| the amygdala, what's it responsible for? | emotion center -rage+anger -fight or flight -motor memory |
| functions of the thalamus | |
| functions of the hypothalamus | |
| functions of the cerebral cortex | |
| machine used to measure electrical activity in the brain | (EEG), electroencephalogram |
| machine used to determine brain activity | |
| machine that uses x-ray to peer inside the brain | CAT scan (or CT scan), computerized axial tomography image |
| machine that uses magnets to peer inside the brain | fMRI, functional magnetic resonance imaging |
| functions of the parietal lobe of the brain | environmental awareness |
| functions of the frontal lobe of the brain | executive decisions, personality, not developed til mid 20s |
| functions of the temporal lobe of the brain | olfactory (smell) + auditory |
| functions of the occipital lobe of the brain | visual info |
| functions + location of the wernicke's & broca's area of the brain | wernicke's: carl wernicke, speech comprehension (temporal lobe) broca's: pierre paul broca, speech production(frontal lobe) BOTH: left side of brain, speech |
| function + location of the corpus callosum | connect hemispheres; signals travel from 1 side of the body to the opposite hemisphere of the brain -between R+L brain -allows communication |
| reasons for cutting the corpus callosum? | to prevent seizures (grand mal/tonic clonic) |
| recovery rates for stroke victims.... women vs.men? | |
| right vs. left brain (specializations/strengths of each)? | RIGHT: creative/musical skills LEFT: speech/language/logic |
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