Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
ch 7
skeletal system
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| diaphysis or shaft | hollow tube of hard compact bone |
| medullary cavity | hollow area inside diaphysis bone contains yellow marrow |
| epiphysis | ends of bone, spongy, contains red bone marrow |
| articular cartilage | covers epiphysis and functions as cushion |
| periosteum | strong membrane covering bone everywhere except joint surfaces |
| endosteum | membrane lining medullary cavity |
| trabeculae | needle like threads of bone |
| osteoblasts | forms new bone |
| osteocytes | inactive osteoblasts |
| endochondral ossification | process of cartilage models being gradually replaced by calcified bone matrix |
| axial skeleton | includes 80 bones, consists of skull, spine, thorax, and hyoid bone |
| appendicular skeleton | includes 126 bones, contains upper extremities ( ex. shoulder-pectoral- girdle and lower extremities ( ex. hip - pelvic- bone ) |
| size - skeletal variations | male skeleton is larger |
| male pelvis | deep and narrow |
| female pelvis | broad and shallow, and pelvic inlet is wider for childbirth |
| public angle | angle between public bones of female generally wider |
| when does the human skeleton reach mature state | around 25 years old |
| when does bone density slowly decrease | after 50 |
| articulators | another name for joints |
| function of joints | holds together bones and makes movements possible |
| how many other bones does a bone connect to | at least 1 (except hyoid ) |
| flexion | reduces angle ex. bending elbow |
| extension | increases angle ex. straightening elbow |
| abduction | to move part away from midline |
| adduction | to move part towards midline |
| rotation | spins one bone relative to another |
| circumduction | moves distal end of bone in a circle, proximal end relatively stable |
| synarthroses | no movement, has fibrous connective tissue growing between articulating bones : ex. sutures of skull |
| amphiarthroses | slight movement, cartilage connects articulating bones: ex. symphysis pubis |
| diarthroses | most joints, allows diff. kinds of movements determined by structure of each joint |
| functions of freely moveable joints | ball + socket, hinge, pivot, saddle, gliding, and condyloid |
| structures of freely moveable joints | joint capsule and ligaments hold adjoining bones together but permit movement at joint |
| synovial membrane | lines joint capsule and secretes lubricating fluid |
| joint cavity | space between joint ends of bones |
| bursa | fluid filled pouch that absorbs shock |
| bursitis | inflammation of bursa |
| functions of bones | supports and gives shape to body, protects internal organs, helps make movement possible, stores calcium, hemopoiesis |
| hemopoiesis | blood cell formation in red bone marrow |
| diploe | spongy bone layer of flat bone sandwiched between 2 bone layers |
| cyanosis | caused by lack of o2 to skin, making it blue |
| jaundice | yellowness in sclera |
| suture/fontanel | soft spot in infant skull |
| c1/atlas | 1st cervical vertebrae |
| xiphoid process | anatomical landmark for cpr |
| osteoblasts | cells that form/build bone |
Created by:
b.marshall