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foundations exam 1
injections
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| syringe details when giving injection | Use smallest possible Sizes range 0.5ml to 60ml Accuracy Maintain sterility while filling |
| Syringes and needles are | single use |
| needle sizes and lengths are different for | each area of the body |
| three parts of the needle | hub, shaft, bevel (or slanted tip) |
| bevel | opening needs to be pointed up |
| gauge | the diameter smaller the gauge number, larger the gauge size |
| parenteral medications | any type of needle |
| when giving parenteral medications, you must | maintain sterility! |
| parenteral medications types | lntradermal-shallow, into dermal layer Subcutaneous-subcutaneous tissue, just below skin Intramuscular-into muscle of adequate size |
| intradermal-shallow meds | tb test |
| sub q requires a | short needle |
| preparation of parenteral med: vial | Hand hygiene (can wear gloves) Vial contain single or multiple doses Withdraw medication with a filter needle of blunt needle (rubber stopped dull needle) Remove cap (discard), scrub with alcohol wipe |
| when drawing up the med, | Draw up air amt equal to drug amt Invert vial and draw up the med (keep needle in solution) Tap syringe to remove air Replace cap (scoop method) and remove filter needle and apply needle for injection. Keep needle hub and tip of syringe sterile |
| preparation of an ampule | Hand hygiene (gloves) Use a filter needle to prep the med and replace when administering Tap the top of ampule (ensures all fluid is in the bottom of ampule) Wrap an alcohol wipe or gauze around the neck of ampule and snap neck of ampule |
| why do you use a filtered needle with ampules | removes glass from ampule |
| removing med from ampule | can invert the ampule to remove the medication or keep on flat surface |
| using a ampule | Tap syringe-causes bubbles to rise toward needle Recap (scoop method), remove filter needle, replace with appropriate needle for injection Discard ampule and filter needle in sharps container |
| subcutaneous injections sites | Abdomen- 2 inches away from umbilicus, incisions, stoma, wound Lateral aspect of upper arms (back of arms) Thigh (hand from groin and knee) Scapula and upper gluteal areas (less commonly used) |
| needles for subcu | 1-3 mL Gauge 25-27. Length 1/8-5/8 inches |
| exception for subcu | Insulin syringe- for administration of insulin only |
| administration of subcu | Don gloves Choose appropriate site for administration Cleanse skin with alcohol, allow to air dry Inject, dart like action, slowly inject medication Withdraw needle |
| when you are done with the needle, | Engage safety over needle and discard in sharp's container |
| Injection angle of sub cu | -90-45 degrees Thin 45 degree Average size or obese-90 degree |
| IM injections site | Ventrogluteal - side of butt Vastus lateralis - side of thigh Deltoid - shoulder |
| Ventrogluteal | Safe: away from major blood vessels, nerves Position on side, knees bent Locate greater trochanter (head of femur), and anterior superior iliac spines |
| preferred site for adults | Ventrogluteal |
| dorsogluteal is | NOT recommended, |
| administering Ventrogluteal injection | Place palm of hand on greater trochanter (non-dominant) Index finger-anterior superior iliac spine. Thumb toward groin. Fingers toward head. Spread middle fingers along iliac crest toward buttocks. Site, center of triangle (middle and index finger) |
| administering vastus lateralis injection | One hand above knee One hand below greater trochanter Middle third of muscle (midline of thighs top to midline of thigh's outer side) |
| vastus lateralis aka | thigh |
| vastus lateralis is preferred site for | infants, small children and some adults |
| deltoid IM injection can cause injury risk if | muscle not well developed |
| deltoid IM injection can be used for | immunizations for adults, older children. |
| deltoid IM injections are | small volume, 0.5-1 mL |
| administering deltoid injection | Palpate lower end of acromion process. Place three fingers below acromion process. Inject in center of triangle |
| z track | Used for injecting irritating substances (will decrease pain, irritating, staining at injection site) |
| z track technique | Pull skin and SC tissue laterally to the side. Inject at 90-degree angle. Aspirate with one hand. Inject medication. Needle remains inserted for 10 seconds (allows medication to disperse evenly). Withdraw needle, release skin. |
| intradermal injection | Shallow injection just under epidermis into dermal layer |
| intradermal injections are used for | TB, allergy testing |
| preparation of intradermal injections | 1ml syringe, 25-27 gauge, 1/8-5/8 inch |
| sites of intradermal injections | forearm and scapula |
| administration of ID med | Gloves, use alcohol wipe, air dry Pull skin Inject at 5-15 degree angle, bevel up, advance needle 3 mm Slowly inject med, see a bleb Withdraw needle slowly |
| when finished injecting ID med | Engage safety, place in sharps container Remove gloves, hand hygiene |
Created by:
leh195