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Biology chapter 6

TermDefinition
central dogma of molecular biology doctrine that genetic instructions in DNA are copied by RNA, which carries them to a ribosome where they are used to synthesize a protein (DNA → RNA → protein)
Chargaff’s rules observations by Erwin Chargaff that concentrations of the four nucleotide bases differ among species; and that, within a species, the concentrations of adenine and thymine are always about the same and the concentrations of cytosine and guanine are alwa
messenger RNA (mRNA) type of RNA that copies genetic instructions from DNA in the nucleus and carries them to the cytoplasm
ribosomal RNA (rRNA) type of RNA that helps form ribosomes and assemble proteins
transfer RNA (tRNA) type of RNA that brings amino acids to ribosomes where they are joined together to form proteins
codon group of three nitrogen bases in nucleic acids that makes up a code “word” of the genetic code and stands for an amino acid, start, or stop
genetic code
promoter
protein synthesis
transcription
translation
chromosomal alteration
frameshift mutation
genetic disorder
germline mutation
mutagen
mutation
point mutation
somatic mutation
Created by: user-1980458
 

 



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