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Asia Study Stack
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Steppe | a large area of land with grass but no trees, especially in eastern Europe, Russia, and Central Asia |
| Pesticide | a chemical substance used to kill harmful insects, small animals, wild plants, and other unwanted organisms |
| Ural Mountains | Ural Mountains, mountain range forming a rugged spine in west-central Russia and the major part of the traditional physiographic boundary between Europe and Asia. |
| Caspian Sea | world’s largest inland body of water. It lies to the east of the Caucasus Mountains and to the west of the vast steppe of Central Asia. |
| Propaganda | information, ideas, opinions, or images, often only giving one part of an argument, that are broadcast, published, or in some other way spread with the intention of influencing people's opinions |
| Mongol Empire | empire founded by Genghis Khan in 1206. |
| Russian Revolution | the first of which, in February (March, New Style), overthrew the imperial government and the second of which, in October (November), placed the Bolsheviks in power |
| Contaminate | to make something less pure or make it poisonous |
| Permafrost | an area of land that is permanently frozen below the surface |
| Peat | a dark brown substance like soil that was formed by plants dying and becoming buried. It is sometimes added to ordinary garden soil to improve it and is sometimes used as fuel. |
| Black Sea | a sea between Europe and Asia |
| Scorched Earth Policy | a military practice of devastating the property and agriculture of an area before abandoning it to an advancing enemy. |
| Communism | a theory or system of social organization based on the holding of all property in common, actual ownership being ascribed to the community as a whole or to the state |
| Silk Roads | an ancient, 4,000-mile network of trade routes linking China with the Mediterranean Sea and the Indian subcontinent during the time of the Roman Empire; named for the lucrative trade in silk from China to the West. |
| Trans-Siberian Railroad | a railroad traversing Siberia, from Chelyabinsk in the Ural Mountains to Vladivostok: constructed by the Russian government 1891–1916. over 4,000 miles (6,440 km) long. |
| Half-life | the time taken for half of the atoms in a radioactive material to undergo decay |
| Tundra | one of the vast, nearly level, treeless plains of the Arctic regions of Europe, Asia, and North America. |
| Methane | a colorless, odorless, flammable gas, CH 4 , the main constituent of marsh gas and the firedamp of coal mines, obtained commercially from natural gas: the first member of the methane, or alkane, series of hydrocarbons. |
| North Atlantic Drift | Also called: Gulf Stream. the warm ocean current flowing northeast, under the influence of prevailing winds, from the Gulf of Mexico towards NW Europe and warming its climate |
| Secular | of or relating to worldly things or to things that are not regarded as religious, spiritual, or sacred; temporal. |
| Socialism | a theory or system of social organization that advocates the ownership and control of the means of production and distribution, capital, land, etc., by the community as a whole, usually through a centralized government. |
| Peter the Great | A Russian czar of the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries who tried to transform Russia from a backward nation into a progressive one by introducing customs and ideas from western European countries. |
| Kremlin | the executive branch of the government of Russia or of the Soviet Union, especially in regard to its foreign affairs. |
| Fallout | the settling to the ground of airborne particles ejected into the atmosphere from the earth by explosions, eruptions, forest fires, etc., especially such settling from nuclear explosions radioactive fallout. |
| Taiga | the coniferous evergreen forests of subarctic lands, covering vast areas of northern North America and Eurasia. |
| Greenhouse Gas | any of the gases whose absorption of solar radiation is responsible for the greenhouse effect, including carbon dioxide, methane, ozone, and the fluorocarbons. |
| Siberia | an extensive region in the Russian Federation in N Asia, extending from the Ural Mountains to the Pacific. |
| Collective Farm | a farm, or a number of farms organized as a unit, worked by a community under the supervision of the state. |
| Serf | a person in a condition of feudal servitude, required to render services to a lord, commonly attached to the lord's land and transferred with it from one owner to another. |
| Cold War | intense economic, political, military, and ideological rivalry between nations that does not extend to military conflict; sustained hostile political policies and an atmosphere of strain between opposed countries. |
| Chernobyl | a city in northern Ukraine, 80 miles (129 km) northwest of Kyiv: nuclear-plant accident 1986. |
| Pipeline | a long tubular conduit or series of pipes, often underground, with pumps and valves for flow control, used to transport crude oil, natural gas, water, etc., especially over great distances. |
| Loess | a loamy deposit formed by wind, usually yellowish and calcareous, common in the Mississippi Valley and in Europe and Asia. |
| Animal-Biome | a complex biotic community characterized by distinctive plant and animal species and maintained under the climatic conditions of the region, especially such a community that has developed to climax. |
| Gobi Desert | a desert in W central Australia: scrub; salt marshes. About 85,000 sq. mi. (220,000 sq. km). |
| Shogun | (from 794 ad ) a chief military commander |
| Archipelago | a large group or chain of islands. |
| Tibetan Plateau | Plateau of Tibet, vast high plateau of southwestern China. |
| The Great Wall of China | a defensive wall in N China, extending from W Gansu to the Gulf of Liaodong: constructed in the 3rd century bc as a defence against the Mongols; |
| Lost Decade | the decade-long economic crisis in Japan during the 1990s. |
| Typhoon | a violent tropical storm or cyclone, esp in the China seas and W Pacific |
| Ring of Fire | the linear zone of seismic and volcanic activity that coincides in general with the margins of the Pacific Plate. |
| Confucianism | the ethical system of Confucius, emphasizing moral order, the humanity and virtue of China's ancient rulers, and gentlemanly education |
| Martial Law | the rule of law established and maintained by the military in the absence of civil law |
| DMZ Zone | an area in which treaties or agreements between states, military powers or contending groups forbid military installations, activities, or personnel. |
| Kanto Plain | the largest plain in Japan |
| Cultural Revolution | a radical sociopolitical movement in China c1966–71, led by Mao Zedong and characterized by military rule, terrorism, purges, restructuring of the educational system, etc. |
| Pagoda | an Indian or Far Eastern temple, esp a tower, usually pyramidal and having many storeys |
| Land Bridge | a connecting tract of land between two continents, enabling animals to pass from one continent to the other |
| Malay Peninsula | a peninsula in SE Asia, consisting of W (mainland) Malaysia and the S part of Thailand. |
| Poaching | the illegal practice of trespassing on another's property to hunt or steal game without the landowner's permission. |
| Dialect | a form of a language spoken in a particular geographical area |
| Biodiversity | biological diversity among and within plant and animal species in an environment. |
| Foja Mountains | A mountain range that lie in the Indonesian province of Papua |
| Launch | to burst out or plunge boldly or directly into action, speech, etc. |
| Fragmented Country | has several noncontiguous pieces of territory. Archipelagos such as Philippines, Indonesia, and Fiji are examples |
| Zoologist | a specialist in zoology. |
| Bas-Relief | relief sculpture in which the figures project slightly from the background. |
| Resistance | the act or power of resisting, opposing, or withstanding. |
| Bali | an island in Indonesia |
| Dormant | lying asleep or as if asleep; inactive, as in sleep |
| Monopoly | a control that makes possible the manipulation of prices. |
| Colonialism | the control or governing influence of a nation over a dependent country, territory, or people. |
| Dutch East India Trading Company | a Dutch merchant company chartered in 1621 to carry on trade with Africa, the West Indies, North and South America, and Australia. |
| Famine | extreme and general scarcity of food, as in a country or a large geographical area. |
| Microlending | provides small loans to borrowers who lack access to traditional financial services |
| Arable | capable of producing crops; suitable for farming; suited to the plow and for tillage. |
| Deity | a god or goddess |
| Pilgrimage | a journey, especially a long one, made to some sacred place as an act of religious devotion. |
| Delta | a nearly flat plain of alluvial deposit between diverging branches of the mouth of a river |
| Monsoon | the seasonal wind of the Indian Ocean and southern Asia |
| Himalaya Mountains | mountain range in Asia separating the plains of the Indian subcontinent from the Tibetan Plateau. |
| Cast System | the rigid Hindu system of hereditary social distinctions based on castes. |
| Outsourcing | a practice where a company hires an external party to perform services or produce goods to reduce costs and improve efficiency. |
| Elevation | the height to which something is elevated or to which it rises. |
| Evaporation | the act or process of evaporating. |
| Indus River | a trans boundary river of Asia and a trans-Himalayan river of South and Central Asia. |
| Taj Mahal | a white marble mausoleum built at Agra, India, by the Mogul emperor Shah Jahan (fl. 1628–58) for his favorite wife. |
| Developed Nations | a country that has a high quality of life, developed economy, and advanced technological infrastructure |
| Subsistence Farming | farming whose products are intended to provide for the basic needs of the farmer, with little surplus for marketing. |
| Drought | a period of dry weather, especially a long one that is injurious to crops. |
| Deccan Plateau | a plateau that extends over an area of 422,000 km2 (163,000 sq mi) on the southern part of the Indian |
| Mohandas Gandhi | an Indian lawyer, anti-colonial nationalist, and political thinker who employed nonviolence |
| Desertification | gradual land degradation of fertile land into arid desert due to a combination of natural processes and human activities. |
| Fertile Crescent | crescent-shaped region in the Middle East, spanning modern-day Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Palestine, and Syria |
| Floodplain | is an area of land adjacent to a river. |
| Aswan High Dam | is one of the world's largest embankment dams, which was built between 1960 and 1970 across the Nile in Aswan |
| Dubai | the most populous city in the United Arab Emirates and the capital of the Emirate of Dubai. |
| Intifada | an Arabic word for a rebellion or uprising, or a resistance movement. |
| Jerusalem | Jerusalem is an ancient city of the Middle East that since 1967 has been wholly under the rule of the State of Israel. |
| Alluvial Plain | a flat or gently sloping landform created by the deposition of sediment from rivers, often utilized for agricultural purposes |
| Nile River | a major north-flowing river in northeastern Africa which empties into the Mediterranean Sea. At 7,088 km long, it is the longest river in the world. |
| Sarcophagus | a coffin, most commonly carved in stone, and usually displayed above ground, though it may also be buried. |
| Emirate | a territory ruled by an emir, a title used by monarchs or high officeholders in the Muslim world. |
| United Arab Emirates | is a country in West Asia, situated at the eastern end of the Arabian Peninsula. |
| Coalition | is formed when two or more people or groups temporarily work together to achieve a common goal |
| Self-Rule | self-government. |
| Fault | a mistake, especially something for which you are to blame |
| Oasis | an area made fertile by a source of freshwater in an otherwise dry and arid region. |
| Giza | the third-largest city in Egypt by area and sixteenth-largest city in Africa by population. |
| Sheikh | an honorific title in the Arabic language, literally meaning "elder". It commonly designates a tribal chief or a Muslim scholar. |
| Tuareg | a large Berber ethnic group |
| Sunni | the largest branch of Islam and the largest religious denomination in the world |
| Extremist | the quality or state of being extreme |
| Sahara Desert | a desert spanning across North Africa. |
| Qanat | a water supply system that was developed in ancient Iran |
| Re | Re is the ancient Egyptian god of the Sun and creator god. |
| Dubai | the most populous city in the United Arab Emirates and the capital of the Emirate of Dubai. |
| Bedouin | pastorally nomadic Arab tribes |
| Kurd | an Iranic ethnic group from West Asia. |
| Taliban | a Sunni Islamist nationalist and pro-Pashtun movement founded in the early 1990s that ruled most of Afghanistan from 1996 until October 2001. |
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