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Maths
Sampling Types
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Simple random sampling | Random. Every sample of size n has an equal chance of being selected. (e.g. pulling names out of a hat). Free of bias and cheap, but not suitable for large populations. |
| Systematic sampling | Random. The required elements are chosen at regular intervals from an ordered list, with the first person chosen being random. (e.g. a sample size of 20 from a population of 100 would choose every 5th person). Suitable for large populations, but can bias. |
| Stratified sampling | Random. The population is divided into mutually exclusive strata and a random sample is taken from each. The population of each strata should be proportional to the group it represent. Represents each group well, but each stratum cannot be too large. |
| Quota sampling | Non-random. An interviewer selects a sample size that reflects the characteristics of the whole population. The population is divided into groups and represented proportionally. Quick and representative, but can be bias. |
| Opportunity sampling | Non-random. Consists of taking a sample from the people who are available at the time that the survey is carried out and who fit the criteria you are looking for. Cheap and easy, but not representative. |