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Bio Lab/Lecture
Bio
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Protisis | eukaryotes that are not plants animals or bacteria |
| Theory of Endosymbiosis | when a host cell surrounds/engulfs bacteria |
| what does the bacteria do for the host cell | provides ATP |
| what does the host cell do for the bacteria | protects it |
| Most Portis are | Unicellular |
| Primary Endosymbiosis | when a host cell engulfs a prokaryotic cell |
| Endosymbiosis | a symbiotic relationship where one organism lives inside another |
| Secondary Endosymbiosis | when a host cell engulfs a eukaryotic cell |
| Pathogens | disease causing organisms |
| Microbiota | organisms that live in our body |
| 2 kinds of prokaryotes | Bacteria and Archaea |
| Gram Positive Bacteria (+) | bacteria with a thick cell wall , can easily absorb dyes |
| Gram Negative Bacteria | bacteria with a thin cell wall |
| Cell walls of bacteria are composed of | Peptidoglycan |
| Flagella | A long cellular appendage used for locomotion |
| Fimbriae | hair-like projections that allow for the cell to adhere to a surface or another cell |
| Phototrophs | capture energy from sunlight |
| Chemotrophs | harness energy stored in chemicals, either organic or inorganic |
| Sources of Energy | Chemotrophs and Phototrophs |
| Sources of Carbon | Autotrophs and Heterotrophs |
| Autotrophs | organisms that make their own organic compounds from inorganic compounds |
| Heterotrophs | organisms that obtain their carbon atoms from the organic compounds of other organisms |
| Mode for Nutrition | Photoautotrophs , Photoheterotrophs , Chemoheterotrophs , Chemoautotrophs |
| Photoautotrophs | harness energy from sunlight and use CO2 for carbon |
| Photoheterotrophs | harness energy from sunlight and get carbon atoms from other organic sources |
| Chemoautotrophs | harvest energy from inorganic chemicals and use carbon from CO2 to make organic chemicals |
| Chemoheterotrophs | harvest energy and carbon from organic molecules |
| Bioremediation | use of organisms to remove pollutants from the environment |
| Extreme halophiles | thrive in salty places |
| Extreme thermophiles | thrive in very hot water |
| Methanogens | live in anaerobic (oxygen-lacking) environments and emit methane |
| Spirochetes | helical bacteria that spirally move through their environment by means of rotating, internal filaments |
| Chlamydias | live inside eukaryotic host cells |
| Cyanobacteria | only group of prokaryotes with plantlike, oxygen-generating photosynthesis |
| Proteobacteria | gram-negative and share a particular rRNA sequence |
| Exotoxins | proteins that bacterial cells secrete into their environment |
| Endotoxins – | lipid components of the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria that are released when the cell dies or is digested by a defensive cell |
| Algae | obtain food via photosynthesis |
| Protozoans | eat bacteria and other protists |
| Mixotrophs | are capable of both photosynthesis and heterotrophy |
| The SAR supergroup | Stramenopiles, Alveolates, Rhizaria |
| Dinoflagellates | unicellular autotrophs, heterotrophs and mixotrophs that are common components of marine and freshwater plankton |
| Ciliates | unicellular protists that use cilia to move and sweep food into their oral groove |
| Archaeplastids Supergroup | Red algae, Green algae |
Created by:
timicia