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Andrew King- EES 3.5
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Temperature | The degree or intensity of heat present in a substance or object. |
| Humidity | Amount of water vapor suspended in the air. |
| Circulation | Movement "to and fro" or around something |
| Global Winds | Large scale persistent air movements that circulate around Earth in predictable belts |
| Jet stream | Narrow, fast flowing bands of strong wind located in the upper atmosphere |
| Atmosphere | The envelope of gases surrounding the Earth or another planet |
| ocean | Vast, continuous body of salt water covering about 71% of Earths surface |
| Air mass | Large volume of air, covering thousands of square miles |
| Cold front | Leading edge of an advancing, dense, and cold air mass |
| Warm front | Leading edge of an advancing, relatively moist and warm air mass |
| Precipitation | Any form of water that falls from the atmosphere |
| Temperature gradient | A physical quantity that describes the rate and direction of the most rapid temperature change in a given medium or space |
| Hurricane | A storm with a violent wind |
| Thunderstorm | A storm with the presents of lighting and thunder |
| Convection | The movement caused within a fluid by the tendency of hotter and therefore less dense material to rise and colder densest material to sink with gravity |
| Conduction | The process by which heat or electricity is directly transmitted through a substance |
| Radiation | the emission of energy as electromagnetic waves or as moving subatomic particles, especially high-energy particles which cause ionization. |
| Pacific Ocean | the world's largest and deepest ocean |
| Trade winds/easterlies | a wind blowing from the east. |
| Westerlies | a wind blowing from the west. |
| Global impacts | the extensive, far-reaching consequences of actions, innovations, or events that affect nations, economies, and societies worldwide |
| El Nino | a persistent, above-average warming of sea-surface temperatures in the central and eastern tropical Pacific Ocean |
| La Nina | a climate pattern characterized by cooler-than-normal sea surface temperatures |
| Warm ocean current | A flow of ocean water that carries warm water from the tropics toward cooler areas. |
| Gulf Stream | A strong warm current in the Atlantic that moves water from the Gulf of Mexico up the U.S. East Coast and toward Europe. |
| Coastal regions | Areas of land close to the ocean. |
| Oceanic conveyor belt | A global loop of ocean circulation that moves water around the world, helping spread heat and nutrients. |
| Coriolis effects | The sideways turning of moving air and water because Earth is rotating. |
| Heat | Thermal energy that moves from something warmer to something cooler. |
| Wind belts | Large zones of winds that blow in steady patterns around Earth like trade winds and westerlies. |
| Equator | The imaginary line around Earth’s middle (0° latitude). |
| Poles | The far north and far south ends of Earth (North Pole and South Pole). |
| Ocean gyres | Huge circular ocean current systems that spin in the major ocean basins. |
| Thermohaline circulation | Deep ocean movement driven by differences in temperature and salinity. |
| Surface temperatures | The temperature of the ocean’s top layer or the ground/air near the surface. |
| Deep currents | Slow-moving ocean currents far below the surface, often part of thermohaline circulation. |
| Regional climate | The typical long-term weather patterns of a specific area. |
| Climate zones | Climate categories based on temp + moisture. mT: warm, humid (ocean). mP: cool, moist (ocean). cT: hot, dry (land). cP: cold, dry (land). cA: very cold, very dry (Arctic land). |
| Seasons | Yearly changes in weather caused by Earth’s tilt and orbit. |
| Sea breeze | A daytime wind that blows from the ocean toward land because land heats up faster. |
| Coastal fog | Fog near the coast that often forms when moist air cools over cold water. |
| Hurricanes | Powerful rotating storms that form over warm ocean water, with strong winds and heavy rain. |
| Local climate | The climate of a smaller area, like a city or valley, affected by things like water, hills, and buildings. |
| Moisture content | How much water vapor is in the air. |
| Land-Sea Breezes | A daily wind pattern: sea breeze day and land breeze night. |
| Hadley cells | Large circulation loops where warm air rises near the equator, moves poleward, sinks around 30° latitude, then flows back. |
| Upwelling | When deep, cold, nutrient-rich water rises to the surface. |
| Downwelling | When surface water sinks to deeper ocean layers. |
| Earths rotation | Earth spinning on its axis once about every 24 hours, causing day/night and the Coriolis effect. |
Created by:
Aking26