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World war 2
world war 2 study guide
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Blitzkrieg | known as “lightning war” this was a German military strategy during WW2 of attacking without warning |
| Luftwaffe- German Air Force | Created by Hitler, this starts mandatory Military service in the Wehrmacht (army) |
| axis powers | the axis powers were led by Germany, Italy, and Japan. This was originally called Rome-Berlin Axis. |
| Allied powers | the allied powers were led by Great Britain, France, Soviet Union, United States, and China |
| September 1st , 1939 (Invasion of Poland) | Germany attacks on railroads, air fields, military bases, and other and other parts of Poland. Soviet Union also invaded from the east and soon polish forces collapsed. |
| Battle of Britain (1940)- and the royal Air Force (RAF) | German planes conducted air raids. They attacked British ships, ports, airfields, radar stations, and industrial centers. |
| Bombing of perl Harbor, Hawaii December 7, 1941 | Japanese air crafts carriers approached Hawaii, launching around 300 bombers and fighter planes. |
| Adolf Hitler | Hitler led nazi Germany. He believed aryans were superior to other races especially Jews. He died because of suicide |
| Josef Goebbels | He was a German politician and philologist. propagandists for the nazi party. |
| anti-Semitic propaganda | systematic effort to demonize Jews by including various media like posters, films, books, and speeches. |
| Governments efforts to curb inflation and consumption | the had stamps and they had a certain amount and they had to use it wisely between consumption and inflation |
| “Double V campaign” | black leaders called for all citizens to fight against racism by seeking a “double victory” |
| Tuskegee Airman | army air corps pilots and support crew. First black combat unit. |
| Japanese Internment (relocation camps) | a center for confirming people who have been relocated for reasons of national security. |
| executive order 9066 | issued by FDR in 1942 allowing internment camps to be set up to exclude current residents believed to be a threat to security. |
| Korematsu v. United States | a government had the right to keep Japanese American in interment camps. |
| The role of women on the home front | Some Women took over men’s job, some women stayed home and watched the kids, and others volunteered to be in the military. |
| zoot suit riots | clashes in LA between mobs of sailers and marines and Mexican American youth who wore zoot suits |
| role of citizens in helping war effort | they contributed by working in war industries, producing weapons, vehicles, and supplies needed by the military. |
| North Africa campaign | wanted to cut off oil supply from the Middle East and hep Italy keep Northern Africa, Hitler sent Erwin and the Afrika Korps |
| Battle of Stalingrad - counter offensive | Russia encircled Germany in the Soviet Union. The military also needed oil and resources so they could use there artillery such as planes and guns. |
| ”the Jewish Question” | HItler believed the way to restore Germany purity and greatness was to exterminate all Jewish people. |
| ”final solution” | We’re death camps would be created in Poland, and gas chambers were built were zyklon B was used to asphyxiate victims. |
| kristallnacht | The night of the broken glass. Government blamed the Jewish communities. |
| wannsee conference | Held January 1942. Planned effective system of camps that would work to coordinate the “final solution” |
| Warsaw ghetto uprising | ghettos would confine Jews in areas near railways, and became areas for slave labor, |
| holocaust | started in 1941 and ended in 1945. Started when Adolf Hitler was announced chancellor of Germany and wanted Jews to be dead. |
| genocide | deaths of Jews and other non Jewish civilians such as Gypsies, disabled people, and homosexuals died. |
| Theaters of war ( European/Atlantic, pacific, North Africa) | European and Atlantic focused on massive land and air and naval battles, pacific focused on navel engagements and island hopping, and Africa focused on desert warfare. |
| Island hopping to leap frogging strategy | They hopped form island to island and there goal was to get close mainland japan to launch an invasion. Led by general Douglas McArthur. |
| Erwin Rommel (the desert fox) “afrika korops” and the “Atlantic wall” | Hitler sent Rommel and the Afrika korps to help monopolize oil. The Atlantic wall came to fortify the beaches of northern France. Pill boxes were built. |
| Bernard law Montgomery | Was a allied military leader from Great Britain. |
| Dwight D. Eisenhower | was a allied military leader from the United States. |
| dover, England | this was made as a decoy which was used to trick Germans that invasions would be at pas de calais. |
| operation overload/ D-Day invasion (June 6th, 1944) | 50 miles strength of beaches was divided into 5 regions called Utah, Omaha, gold, Juno, and sword. Took place when tide was low and weather was poorly. Allied invasion. |
| beaches of Normandy (Juno, Sword, gold, Utah. And Omaha.) | these were code name for the invasion and this took place in Normandy. |
| battle of the bulge | Took place on December 16th 1944 in Belgium, northeast France, and Luxembourg. German came in with surprise attacks. |
| Doolittle raiders | makes air strike on japan to prove the United States is capable of reaching Tokyo. |
| Douglas McArthur | allied military leader and he had been forced to retreat from the Philippines in march 1942 |
| Bataan death March | Battle of Leyte gulf. 70,000 allied prisoners were forced on the Bataan death march. |
| battle of midway | Took place on June 4-7 1942 were American forces learn of Japanese attack. Major turning point in the pacific and ends japans expansion. |
| battle of Iwo Jima | Took place February 19th 1945. Some of the bloodiest fighting in WW2. Japan begins use of kamikaze tactics. Had to fight until death. |
| battle of Okinawa | Took place April 1945. Was the last major battle of WW2 in the pacific. Was the largest and bloodiest. Nicknamed the typhoon of steel. |
| Winston Churchill | statesman, writer, orator and leader who led Britain to victory. |
| Potsdam conference | July 1945. Truman learns of successful testing of the atomic bomb on July 16th 1945. |
| manhattan project | Begins in 1942. Coordinated by military man and scientists. Makes the atomic bomb. |
| J. Robert Oppenheimer | who coordinated the Manhattan project |
| Leslie Groves | who coordinated the Manhattan project |
| Harry S. Truman and his decision to use the atomic bomb | chooses not to tell Stalin and to use the new weapon on japan or launch a land invasion oof mainland japan. |
| Enola Gay | A Boeing B-29 super fortress bomber who was famous of dropping the first atomic bomb. |
| Hiroshima and Nagasaki (August 6 and 9 1945) | the United States use of atomic bomb of Japanese city’s Hiroshima and Nagasaki. |
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