Question 1

Gene expression describes the flow of information in cells from DNA to RNA through the process of 
 to protein through the process of 
 .

Accepted Answer

transcription
translation

Question 2

Select all of the following that describe the features of RNA that make it distinct from DNA

Accepted Answer

ribose sugar 
  single-stranded 
uracil

Question 3

Because RNA is ___, complementary base-paring form complex 3 dimensional shapes that confer unique functions.

Accepted Answer

single-stranded

Question 4

RNA polymerase and DNA polymerase have similar structures.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 5

In bacterial transcription initiation, the _____ recognizes the promoter sequence.

Accepted Answer

sigma factor

Question 6

In bacterial transcription, after the promoter is recognized, ___ tightly binds, opening the DNA helix.

Accepted Answer

RNA polymerase

Question 7

The direction of the -35 and -10 sequences in bacterial promoters determines the direction of transcription.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 8

The bacterial promoter is included in the RNA transcript.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 9

___ is the enzyme responsible for the synthesis of RNA for protein coding genes in eukaryotes.

Accepted Answer

RNA polymerase II

Question 10

TFIID

Accepted Answer

marks the location for initation

Question 11

TFIIB

Accepted Answer

helps to accurately position RNA pol II

Question 12

TFIIH

Accepted Answer

opens helix and phosphorylates RNA pol ll tail

Question 13

TFIIE

Accepted Answer

regulates TFIIH

Question 14

TATA binding protein

Accepted Answer

recognized TATA box

Question 15

Capping and polyadenylation function for the following (select all that apply):

Accepted Answer

signal intact message 
  nuclear export 
  guide translation 
  increase stability of mRNA transcript

Question 16

mRNA processing takes place as transcription is occurring.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 17

Important phosphorylation points on the tandem repeats found on the tail of RNA pol II are

Accepted Answer

Ser2 and Ser5

Question 18

phosphatase

Accepted Answer

removes phospgate from 5' end

Question 19

guanyl transferase

Accepted Answer

attaches GMP

Question 20

methyl transferase

Accepted Answer

adds methyl group

Question 21

Genes in eukaryotic cells often have intronic sequences coded for within the DNA. These sequences are ultimately not translated into proteins. Why?

Accepted Answer

Intronic sequences are removed from RNA molecules by the spliceosome, which works in the nucleus.

Question 22

The primary transcript of a gene can sometimes be spliced differently so that different exons can be stitched together to produce distinct proteins in a process called _____ splicing.

Accepted Answer

alternative

Question 23

Which molecules are responsible for recognizing specific splice site sequences on pre-mRNA?

Accepted Answer

Small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs)

Question 24

Which of the following correctly describes the composition of a snRNP?

Accepted Answer

RNA molecules and at least seven protein subunits

Question 25

Which of the following (select all that apply) is/are responsible for cleavage of the mRNA transcript from RNA pol II just before RNA processing?

Accepted Answer

cleavage stimulation factor 
  cleave and polyadenylation specificity factor

Question 26

What is the function of the spliceosome during pre-mRNA processing?

Accepted Answer

It creates an active site to catalyze intron removal

Question 27

Which of the following (select all that apply) is/are responsible for the addition of 200-300 adenine nucleotides to the 3' end of the mRNA transcript during RNA processing?

Accepted Answer

poly-A polymerase

Question 28

Which of the following (select all that apply) is/are responsible for the determining the length of the poly(A) tail during RNA processing?

Accepted Answer

poly-A binding proteins

Question 29

Which of the following statements about the genetic code is CORRECT?

Accepted Answer

The genetic code is redundant.

Question 30

Ribosomes are large molecular structures composed of RNA and protein.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 31

What is the Shine-Delgarno sequence?

Accepted Answer

initiation site for translation in prokaryotes

Question 32

In eukaryotes, but not in prokaryotes, ribosomes find the start site of translation by

Accepted Answer

scanning along the mRNA from the 5′ end with cap and the help of initiation factors

Question 33

A charged tRNA with the amino acid ___ is the initiator tRNA.

Accepted Answer

methionine

Question 34

The elongation factors ___ in prokaryote and ___ in eukaryotes catalyze the binding of correct tRNA molecules to the ribosomal A site.

Accepted Answer

EF-Tu; eEF-1

Question 35

Translocation of the ribosome is mediated by the ___ elongation factor in prokaryotes and the ___ elongation factor in eukaryotes.

Accepted Answer

EF-G; eEF2

Question 36

The end of a protein-coding message is signaled by the presence of a stop codon, which binds a protein called a  __________ instead of a charged tRNA.

Accepted Answer

release factor

Question 37

Ribozymes are known to catalyze which of the following reactions in cells?

Accepted Answer

RNA splicing

Question	Answer
Gene expression describes the flow of information in cells from DNA to RNA through the process of to protein through the process of .	transcription translation
Select all of the following that describe the features of RNA that make it distinct from DNA	ribose sugar single-stranded uracil
Because RNA is ___, complementary base-paring form complex 3 dimensional shapes that confer unique functions.	single-stranded
RNA polymerase and DNA polymerase have similar structures.	False
In bacterial transcription initiation, the _____ recognizes the promoter sequence.	sigma factor
In bacterial transcription, after the promoter is recognized, ___ tightly binds, opening the DNA helix.	RNA polymerase
The direction of the -35 and -10 sequences in bacterial promoters determines the direction of transcription.	True
The bacterial promoter is included in the RNA transcript.	False
___ is the enzyme responsible for the synthesis of RNA for protein coding genes in eukaryotes.	RNA polymerase II
TFIID	marks the location for initation
TFIIB	helps to accurately position RNA pol II
TFIIH	opens helix and phosphorylates RNA pol ll tail
TFIIE	regulates TFIIH
TATA binding protein	recognized TATA box
Capping and polyadenylation function for the following (select all that apply):	signal intact message nuclear export guide translation increase stability of mRNA transcript
mRNA processing takes place as transcription is occurring.	True
Important phosphorylation points on the tandem repeats found on the tail of RNA pol II are	Ser2 and Ser5
phosphatase	removes phospgate from 5' end
guanyl transferase	attaches GMP
methyl transferase	adds methyl group
Genes in eukaryotic cells often have intronic sequences coded for within the DNA. These sequences are ultimately not translated into proteins. Why?	Intronic sequences are removed from RNA molecules by the spliceosome, which works in the nucleus.
The primary transcript of a gene can sometimes be spliced differently so that different exons can be stitched together to produce distinct proteins in a process called _____ splicing.	alternative
Which molecules are responsible for recognizing specific splice site sequences on pre-mRNA?	Small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs)
Which of the following correctly describes the composition of a snRNP?	RNA molecules and at least seven protein subunits
Which of the following (select all that apply) is/are responsible for cleavage of the mRNA transcript from RNA pol II just before RNA processing?	cleavage stimulation factor cleave and polyadenylation specificity factor
What is the function of the spliceosome during pre-mRNA processing?	It creates an active site to catalyze intron removal
Which of the following (select all that apply) is/are responsible for the addition of 200-300 adenine nucleotides to the 3' end of the mRNA transcript during RNA processing?	poly-A polymerase
Which of the following (select all that apply) is/are responsible for the determining the length of the poly(A) tail during RNA processing?	poly-A binding proteins
Which of the following statements about the genetic code is CORRECT?	The genetic code is redundant.
Ribosomes are large molecular structures composed of RNA and protein.	True
What is the Shine-Delgarno sequence?	initiation site for translation in prokaryotes
In eukaryotes, but not in prokaryotes, ribosomes find the start site of translation by	scanning along the mRNA from the 5′ end with cap and the help of initiation factors
A charged tRNA with the amino acid ___ is the initiator tRNA.	methionine
The elongation factors ___ in prokaryote and ___ in eukaryotes catalyze the binding of correct tRNA molecules to the ribosomal A site.	EF-Tu; eEF-1
Translocation of the ribosome is mediated by the ___ elongation factor in prokaryotes and the ___ elongation factor in eukaryotes.	EF-G; eEF2
The end of a protein-coding message is signaled by the presence of a stop codon, which binds a protein called a __________ instead of a charged tRNA.	release factor
Ribozymes are known to catalyze which of the following reactions in cells?	RNA splicing

"Know" box contains:
Time elapsed:
Retries:

gene express