Basso Continuo (Continuous Bass Line)

A constant bass line played by instruments such as harpsichord, providing harmonic structure and rhythmic drive.

Performers added decorative notes (trills, mordents, turns) to make melodies more expressive and elaborate.

Sudden shifts between loud and soft does not use crescendos and diminuendos.

Baroque music often contrasts:

Solo vs ensemble (concerto grosso), Loud vs soft,Different instrumental timbres.

Baroque music often contrasts:

Multiple independent melodic lines occurring at the same time, especially in fugues and sacred works.

Development of Tonality

Music began to centre clearly around major and minor keys rather than modal systems used in the Renaissance.

Emotional Expression (Doctrine of Affections)

Pieces often aimed to express one main emotion or mood throughout.

Word Painting in Vocal Music

Music was written to reflect the meaning of the text (e.g. rising notes for “heaven”, descending for “falling”).

A Baroque concert features ornate melodies, steady rhythms and basso continuo accompaniment.

A Baroque suite is a set of short pieces based on dance styles (such as allemande, courante, sarabande and gigue) performed together as one work.

A Baroque sonata is a multi-movement instrumental work (usually for solo instrument and continuo)

A Baroque fugue is a polyphonic piece where a main theme (subject) is introduced and then imitated and developed in multiple voices, commonly used by composers such as Johann Sebastian Bach.

A Baroque concerto grosso is a piece that contrasts a small group of soloists (concertino) with a larger ensemble (ripieno)

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Baroque

Western Tonal Traditions 1

Question	Answer
Basso Continuo (Continuous Bass Line)	A constant bass line played by instruments such as harpsichord, providing harmonic structure and rhythmic drive.
Ornamentation	Performers added decorative notes (trills, mordents, turns) to make melodies more expressive and elaborate.
Terraced Dynamics	Sudden shifts between loud and soft does not use crescendos and diminuendos.
Baroque music often contrasts:	Solo vs ensemble (concerto grosso), Loud vs soft,Different instrumental timbres.
Baroque music often contrasts:	Multiple independent melodic lines occurring at the same time, especially in fugues and sacred works.
Development of Tonality	Music began to centre clearly around major and minor keys rather than modal systems used in the Renaissance.
Emotional Expression (Doctrine of Affections)	Pieces often aimed to express one main emotion or mood throughout.
Important instrumental forms developed, including:	Concerto, Sonata, Suite, Fugue
Word Painting in Vocal Music	Music was written to reflect the meaning of the text (e.g. rising notes for “heaven”, descending for “falling”).
Form: Concerto	A Baroque concert features ornate melodies, steady rhythms and basso continuo accompaniment.
Form: Suite	A Baroque suite is a set of short pieces based on dance styles (such as allemande, courante, sarabande and gigue) performed together as one work.
Form: Sonata	A Baroque sonata is a multi-movement instrumental work (usually for solo instrument and continuo)
Form: Fugue	A Baroque fugue is a polyphonic piece where a main theme (subject) is introduced and then imitated and developed in multiple voices, commonly used by composers such as Johann Sebastian Bach.
Concerto grosso	A Baroque concerto grosso is a piece that contrasts a small group of soloists (concertino) with a larger ensemble (ripieno)

Created by: solsen3110

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