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earthquakes
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| earthquake | an earthquake is defined as the sudden, rapid shaking of the ground caused by the release of energy stored in rocks. |
| fault | a fault is a fracture or crack in the Earth’s crust (specifically the lithosphere) where blocks of rock have moved past each other. |
| seismic wave | a vibration or wave of energy that travels through the Earth's layers, usually caused by the sudden breaking of rock during an earthquake, volcanic eruptions, or explosions |
| focus | the term focus usually refers to a specific, central point where light rays meet (optics) or the main idea or question being investigated (inquiry). |
| epicenter | he epicenter is defined as the point on the Earth's surface directly above where an earthquake actually starts (the focus or hypocenter). |
| volcano | an opening, rupture, or vent in the Earth’s crust that allows molten rock (magma), gases, and ash to escape from beneath the surface |
| hot spot | a hot spot is a volcanic region on Earth's surface that forms away from tectonic plate boundaries. |
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