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earthquake volcanos
vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| earthquake | a sudden and violent shaking of the ground, sometimes causing great destruction, as a result of movements within the earth's crust or volcanic action. |
| fault | a fracture or zone of fractures in the Earth’s crust between two blocks of rock that allows them to move relative to each other |
| seismic wave | vibrations of energy caused by earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, magma movement, or large explosions |
| focus | the exact point within the Earth's crust or mantle where an earthquake's rupture begins and energy is first released |
| epicenter | the point on the Earth's surface directly above where an earthquake originates beneath the ground |
| volcano | an opening, vent, or fissure in the Earth's crust (or another planet's surface) that allows molten rock (magma/lava), ash, and gases to escape from below the surface |
| magma | hot fluid or semifluid material below or within the earth's crust from which lava and other igneous rock is formed on cooling. |
| lava | hot molten or semifluid rock erupted from a volcano or fissure, or solid rock resulting from cooling of this. |
| hot spot | a small area or region with a relatively hot temperature in comparison to its surroundings. |
| shield volcano | massive, gently sloping, shield-shaped mountains formed by the accumulation of highly fluid, low-viscosity basaltic lava flows |
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