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Earthquakes Volcanoe
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Earthquake | a sudden and violent shaking of the ground, sometimes causing great destruction, as a result of movements within the earth's crust or volcanic action. |
| Fault | a fracture or zone of fractures in the Earth's crust across which there has been significant displacement of rock masses |
| Seismic Wave | vibrations of elastic energy that travel through the Earth’s interior or along its surface, typically generated by earthquakes, volcanic activity, or artificial explosions |
| Focus | the specific point where waves—such as light, sound, or seismic energy—converge, meet, or diverge after reflection or refraction |
| Epicenter | he point on the Earth's surface directly vertically above the hypocenter |
| Volcano | a vent, rupture, or opening in a planet's crust—primarily Earth's—that allows hot magma, ash, and gases to escape from below the surface. |
| Hot Spot | a stationary, exceptionally hot plume of magma rising from deep within the Earth's mantle, which melts through the tectonic plate above to form volcanoes |