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earthquakes vollcano
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| earthquake | sudden shaking or trembling of the ground caused by rocks breaking and moving deep underground |
| fault | deep crack in the Earth’s rocky outer crust where two big, broken-up pieces (tectonic plates) meet and grind together |
| seismic wave | energy-carrying vibrations that travel through the Earth's layers, acting like ripples in a pond but through solid ground |
| focus | the specific point where waves—such as light, sound, or seismic energy—converge, meet, or diverge after reflection or refraction |
| epicenter | The epicenter is the point on the Earth's surface directly vertically above the hypocenter (or focus), which is the subterranean origin point of an earthquake |
| volcano | a mountain or opening in the Earth’s crust that allows hot, melted rock (magma), ash, and gas to escape from deep below |
| hot spot | a place that is much hotter, more active, or more popular than the areas around it |