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Dahlia EES 3.5

QuestionAnswer
Temperature How hot or cold something is.
Humidity The amount of water vapor in the air.
Circulation The movement of air or water in a system.
Global winds Large wind patterns that move air around Earth.
Jet stream A fast-moving ribbon of air high in the atmosphere.
Atmosphere The layer of gases surrounding Earth.
Ocean A large body of salt water covering most of Earth.
Air mass A large body of air with similar temperature and humidity.
Cold front When cold air pushes under warm air.
Warm front When warm air slides over cold air.
Precipitation Water that falls from clouds (rain, snow, sleet, hail).
Temperature gradient The difference in temperature between two places.
Hurricane A powerful tropical storm with strong winds and heavy rain.
Thunderstorm A storm with lightning, thunder, heavy rain, and sometimes hail.
Convection Heat transfer by movement of liquids or gases.
Conduction Heat transfer by direct contact.
Radiation Heat transfer through waves (like sunlight).
Pacific Ocean The largest ocean on Earth.
Trade winds (easterlies) Steady winds that blow toward the equator from the east.
Westerlies Winds that blow from the west toward the poles.
Global impacts Effects that influence the entire world.
El Niño A warming of Pacific Ocean surface waters that changes weather patterns.
La Niña A cooling of Pacific Ocean surface waters that changes weather patterns.
Warm ocean current A stream of warm water moving through the ocean.
Gulf Stream A warm ocean current in the Atlantic Ocean.
Coastal regions Areas near the ocean.
Oceanic conveyor belt The global system of deep and surface ocean currents.
Coriolis effect The bending of moving air and water due to Earth’s rotation.
Heat Energy that makes things warmer.
Wind belts Global zones where winds mostly blow in one direction.
Equator The imaginary line around the middle of Earth.
Poles The coldest areas at the top and bottom of Earth.
Ocean gyres Large circular ocean currents.
Thermohaline circulation Deep ocean currents caused by temperature and salt differences.
Surface temperatures Temperatures at Earth’s surface.
Deep currents Ocean currents far below the surface.
Regional climate The usual weather in a specific area.
Climate zones Large areas with similar climate conditions.
Maritime Tropical (mT) Warm, humid air mass from oceans.
Maritime Polar (mP) Cool, moist air mass from oceans.
Continental Tropical (cT) Hot, dry air mass from land.
Continental Polar (cP) Cold, dry air mass from land.
Continental Arctic (cA) Very cold, dry air mass from Arctic land areas.
Seasons The four yearly climate change (spring,summer,fall,winter
Sea breeze Cool air that moves from the sea to the land during the day.
Coastal fog Thick mist near the coast formed when warm air moves over cold ocean water.
Local climate The usual weather conditions in a small area over a long time.
Moisture content The amount of water vapor in the air
Land–sea breezes Winds caused by temperature differences between land and water. Land heats and cools faster than water.
Hadley Cells Large air circulation patterns near the equator where warm air rises and cooler air sinks.
Upwelling Cold, nutrient-rich water rising from deep ocean to the surface.
Downwelling Surface water sinking to deeper parts of the ocean.
Earth’s rotation The spinning of Earth on its axis (takes 24 hours).
Atmosphere The layer of gases surrounding Earth.
Created by: Daguilar26
 

 



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