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volcano/earth quake
vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| fault | a fracture in the Earth's crust where tectonic movement displaces rock masses, often causing earthquakes |
| seismic wave | vibrations of elastic energy that travel through the Earth's interior or along its surface, primarily caused by earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, magma movement, landslides, or man-made explosions |
| focus | the specific point where light rays, sound waves, or other waves converge after passing through a lens or reflecting off a mirror |
| epicenter | The epicenter, epicentre, or epicentrum in seismology is the point on the Earth's surface directly above a hypocenter or focus, the point where an earthquake or an underground explosion originates. |
| volcano | vents in Earth's crust allowing magma, ash, and gases to erupt from beneath the surface |
| hot spot | intensely hot, stationary, or near-stationary plumes of magma rising from deep within the Earth’s mantle, often far from tectonic plate boundaries |