Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
cell parts
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Organelles | the general name of tiny cell structures that carry out specific functions within the cell. |
| Cell Wall | A rigid layer that surrounds the cells of plants and some other organisms, it protects and supports the cell. |
| Cell Membrane | controls which substances pass into and out of a cell |
| Nuclear Membrane: | the double membrane surrounding the nucleus within a cell. Also called the nuclear envelope. **Not in the textbook** |
| Nucleolus | small round structure in the nucleus where ribosomes are made. |
| Chromatin | thin strands of material that fill the nucleus, contains information for directing the cells function. |
| Nucleus | Control center of the cell, directs all of the cells activities. |
| Ribosomes | small grain-shaped organelles that produce proteins. |
| Cytoplasm | jelly-like substance that fills all the open areas in the cell. |
| Mitochondria | Rod-shaped structures that convert energy from food into energy for the cell, nicknamed the “powerhouse” |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum | The ER forms a maze of passageways in which proteins and other materials are carried from one part of the cell to another. |
| Golgi apparatus | receives proteins and other newly formed materials from the ER, packages them, and distributes them to other parts of the cell or outside the cell wall. |
| Vacuole | stores water, food, and other materials needed by the cell, they can also carry waste products until it is removed. |
| Chloroplasts | captures energy from the sunlight and changes it to a form of energy cells can use in making food. |
| Lysosomes | Contains substances that break down large food particles into smaller ones. |
| Multicellular | Made of many cells |
| Unicellular | Made of only ONE cell |
| Specialized cells | Cells that are designed to do specific jobs that help the entire organism function. |
| Cells make | tissues, tissues make organs, organs make organ systems, organ systems make an organism. |
| Elements | any substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances. |
| Compounds | when 2 or more elements chemically combine. |
| Organic compounds: | carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Organic compounds must contain carbon. |
| Inorganic compounds | water. Inorganic compounds DO NOT contain carbon. |
| Carbohydrates | energy rich organic compounds made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Items that have sugar and starches would be carbohydrates. Examples: potatoes, pasta, rice, and bread. |
| Lipids | Fats, oils, and waxes. Examples: whole milk, ice cream, and fried foods. |
| Proteins: | large organic molecules made mostly of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur. Examples: meat, dairy, fish, nuts, beans. |
| Enzymes | a group of proteins that helps speed up chemical reactions in living things. |
| Nucleic Acids: | Long organic compounds made of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and phosphorus. |
| DNA: | The genetic material that carries information about an organism and is passed from parent to offspring. Double Helix: Shape of the DNA molecule |
| Water in cells: | Water is needed for most chemical reactions in cells |
| Water in cells: | Water helps cells keep their shape. |
| Water in cells: | Water helps cells carry substances in and out of them |
| INTERPHASE | Chromosomes are copied (# doubles) • Chromosomes appear as threadlike coils (chromatin) at the start, but each chromosome and its copy (sister chromosome) change to sister chromatids at end of this phase |
| PROPHASE | Mitosis begins (cell begins to divide) • Centrioles (or poles) appear and begin to move to opposite ends of cell • Spindle fibers form between the poles |
| multicellular | made of many specialized cells |
| unicellular | made of only 1 cell |
| asexual | all or part of the organism is used to make a new organism, offspring are genetically identical to parent |
| sexual | two cells from different individuals combine to form the first cells of a new organism, traits are inherited from both parents |
| METAPHASE | Chromatids (or pairs of chromosomes) attach to the spindle fibers |
| ANAPHASE | Chromatids (or pairs of chromosomes) separate and begin to move to opposite ends of the cell |
| TELOPHASE | Two new nuclei form • Chromosomes appear as chromatin (threads rather than rods) • Mitosis ends |
| CYTOKINESIS | Cell membrane moves inward to create two daughter cells - each with its own nucleus with identical chromosomes |
| Water in cells: | Water helps cells carry substances in and out of them |
Created by:
user-2006848