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BIOL 1102 Exam One

QuestionAnswer
What is evolution? change in the genetic composition of a population across generations
What is genetic composition? characterized by the frequencies of the alleles it carries
What are alleles? different forms of a gene
What is genetic divergence? difference in genetic sequences over time
What is domestication? process by which a wild animal adapts to living with humans by being selectively bred by humans over thousands of years
How is phenotypic variation in a population caused? by genetic variation
How does selective breeding change genetic variation? when two breeds have a different version of the gene, selective breeding with one breed (like small dogs) will increase frequencey of one allele and remove the other
If no selection takes place and dogs are mated randomly, what would happen? Genetically, the population would remain the same because no breed s are dying
What are four types of evolutionary forces that can cause allele frequencies to change? mutation, natural selection, genetic drift, genetic flow
What is mutation, and how is it a genetic variation? change in the genetic sequence of an organism, only source of a new genetic variation, can be beneficial/neutral/harmful, occurs randomly and is unconnected to an organism's needs
What is recombination? during meiotic cell devision, shuffles existing genetic variation to create new combinations
What is natural selection? changes in allele frequencies over generations according to an individuals' survival and reproduction
What are the four criteria for natural selecion variation for a trait, differential survival or reproductive success, trait variation must be heritable, change in allele frequencies (higher population has the fitter trait value)
Created by: goldengalleon
 

 



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