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earthquake/volcano
vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| earthquake | the sudden shaking or trembling of the ground caused by rocks breaking and moving deep underground |
| epicenter | the spot on the Earth's surface directly above where the shaking starts underground |
| volcano | an opening or vent in the Earth’s crust that allows hot, melted rock (magma), ash, and gases to escape from deep underground |
| hotspot | a specific place that is much hotter, more active, or more popular than the areas around it |
| fault | a large crack or break in the Earth’s outer shell (the crust) where giant pieces of rock have moved apart or slid past one another |
| seismic wave | energy-carrying vibrations that travel through the Earth's layers, acting like ripples in a pond but through solid ground. |