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test 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which of the following is a lymphatic organ | lymph node |
| blank causes blank | HIV: AIDS |
| Which cell induces apoptosis | natural killer |
| blank are molecules that warn neighboring cells of viral infection | interferons |
| A dendritic cell presents using its Class blank MHCs only if it has engulfed a foreign pathogen | II |
| Breast feeding mothers pass humoral immunity to their nursing children via (blank) immunity | natural passive |
| Why does the "constant" part of an antibody (Ab) need to be constant? | so that they are faithfully recognized by Fc receptors |
| Which of the following is not an afferent vessel of the Cisterna Chyl | Thoracic Trunk |
| Which of these is not a feature of the secondary immune response | higher body temperature |
| (Blank) is an autoimmune disorder that affects myelin sheaths | multiple sclerosis |
| During T Cell maturation T cell receptors must not recognize/ bind (blank) This is called (blank) selection | antigens; negative |
| Which part of an antibody (Ab) is bound/ recognized by Fc receptors: | Heavy chain constant region |
| (Blank) secretes antibodies | Plasma Cells |
| (Blank) cuts sugars on the surface of bacterial cells causing them to fill with water and burst | lysozyme |
| An antigen is anything recognized by | an antibody |
| During cd8 cell activation (blank) are secreted from the Th cell to the CD8 cell | Interleukins |
| Which type of lymphatic vessel is smallest | capillaries |
| (Blank) means the underlying cause is unknown | idiopathic |
| Many autoimmune disorders are caused by mutations in (blank) genes | MHC |
| Helper T cells secrete (blank) to activate other adaptive immune cells | Interleukins |
| Lymph is most similar to | interstitial fluid |
| During a secondary immune response, antibodies bind tighter to the antigens. This is called | Antibody affinity maturation |
| Cytotoxic T cells secrete (blank) to induce apoptosis | Granzymes |
| (Blank) refers to the process by which genomic regions encoding antibody subunits are shuffled randomly to create new antibodies | Somatic Recombination |
| During CD4 cell activation, if co stimulatory molecule interactions fail to occur, the result is (blank) | Anergy |
| (Blank) cells mature in the thymus | T cells |
| HIV infects (blank) cells | CD4 |
| (blank) work in several ways, including insertion of membrane attack complex proteins into the cell membranes of enemy cells | Complement proteins |
| AIDS is an | Immunodefinciency |
| (Blank) kills infected cells | T lymphocytes |
| Which cell does not engulf cells | Natural Killer |
| Type (blank) hypersensitivities result from excessive amounts of agglutination or perception (Ab-antigen complexes) | III |
| Entrance of fluid into lymphatic capillaries is regulated by | pressure |
| CD8 Cells can become | Cytotoxic T Cells |
| The predominant antibody (Ab) in the body is | IgG |
| The (blank) has (blank) pulp which contains old erythorocytes | spleen; red |
| Why do antibodies bind antigens with higher affinity during a secondary immune response | Competition between different B cell populations Mutation of the original antibody to yield various slightly modified versions of the original Ab |
| why does the variable region of an antibody need to be variable | to achieve antibody diversity in order to account for pathogen diversity |
| Which of these cells does NOT present antigens | Basophils |
| Which is not a Malt tissue | Lymph Nodes |
| Which antibody stimulates histamine release and eosinophils | IgE |
| Which type of lymphatic vessel is the largest | Duct |
| Which part of an antibody binds to an antigenic determinant | light chain variable heavy chain variable |
| Which is part of the external innate immune system | Dermcidin |
| (blank) increases antibody diversity by randomly changing amino acids sequences in the antibodies variable domains | Hypermutation |
| Select the true statement about SCID disorders | SCID affects lymphocytes |
| (Blank) causes secretion of larger amounts of antibody during secondary immune response | presence of memory B cells |
| Cytotoxic T cells secrete (blank) to induce apoptosis | Granzymes |
| (Blank) membranes line bodily cavities that open to the outside world and constitute part of the external innate immune system | Mucous |
| Lymph nodes have more (blank) vessels | afferent |
| (blank) means a group of symptoms that "run together" and accompany a particular disease | syndrome |
| Which is NOT a function of pro- inflammatory chemicals (Cytokines) | Hemolysis |
| Which two structures regulate uptake of lymph into lymphatic capillaries | mini valves and filaments |
| A man is rushed to the ER after being bitten by a venous snake. Treatment entails intravenous infusion of antibodies (Abs) to neutralize the venom. This is (blank) immunity | artificial passive |
| The purpose of bone marrow transplant is to optain | Hematopoietic stem cells |
| (blank) refers to the process by which genomic regions encoding antibody subunits are shuffled randomly to create new antibodies | somatic recombination |
| Type (blank) hypersensitivities result from excessive amounts of agglutination or perception | III |
| Which of the following is NOT a lymphatic organ: | appendix |
| Lysozyme is part of the ___________ immune system | external innate |
| _________ are a family of genes encoded within our genome that detect pathogens commonly encountered throughout our evolutionary history. | toll-like receptors |
| _______ adjust body temperature by resetting the body's thermostat in the hypothalamus. | pyrogens |
| ______ increases antibody diversity by randomly changing amino acid sequences in the antibody's variable domains. | hypermutation |
| __________ refers to the process by which genomic regions encoding antibody subunits are shuffled randomly to create new antibodies. | somatic recombination |
| Which part of an antibody (Ab) is bound/recognized by Fc receptors: (select ALL that apply) | Heavy Chain constant region (only) |
| Seasonal allergies are a type ___ hypersensitivity. | I |