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Cellular Respiration
Biology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| calorie | amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius |
| cellular respiration | process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen |
| aerobic | process that requires oxygen |
| anaerobic | process that does not require oxygen |
| glycolysis | first set of reactions in cellular respiration during which a molecule of glucose is broken into 2 molecules of pyruvic acid |
| NAD+ | electron carrier involved in glycolysis |
| Krebs cycle | second stage of cellular respiration in which pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide in a series of energy-extracting reactions |
| matrix | innermost compartment of the mitochondrion |
| fermentation | process by which cells release energy in the absence of oxygen |
| Lactic Acid Fermentation | Other organisms carry out fermentation using a chemical reaction that converts pyruvic acid to lactic acid. |
| Alcoholic fermentation | is carried out by yeast, producing ethyl, alchohol and carbon dioxide. |
| electron transport chain | series of electron carrier proteins that shuttle high-energy electrons during ATP-generating reactions |
| mitochondrion | cell organelle that converts the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use |
| atp | compound used by cells to store and release energy |