Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Wellness
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Cardiovascular disease (CVD) | The array of conditions that affect the heart and the blood vessels. |
| Coronary heart disease (CHD) | A condition in which the arteries that supply the heart muscle with oxygen and nutrients are narrowed by fatty deposits, such as cholesterol and triglycerides. |
| Stroke | A condition in which a blood vessel that feeds the brain is clogged, leading to blood flow disruption to the brain. Sometimes referred to as a brain attack. |
| Peripheral vascular disease | Narrowing of the peripheral blood vessels. |
| Angioplasty | A procedure in which a balloon-tipped catheter is inserted and then inflated to widen the inner lumen of the artery. |
| Risk factors | Lifestyle and genetic variables that may lead to disease. |
| Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) | A recording of the electrical activity of the heart. |
| Myocardium | Heart muscle. |
| Stress electrocardiogram | A test also known as a graded exercise stress test during which the workload is increased gradually until the individual reaches maximal fatigue, with blood pressure and 12-lead electrocardiographic monitoring throughout the test. |
| Cholesterol | A waxy substance, technically a steroid alcohol, found only in animal fats and oil and used in making cell membranes, as a building block for some hormones, in the fatty sheath around nerve fibers, and in other necessary substances. |
| Blood lipids | Cholesterol and triglycerides (fats). |
| High-density lipoproteins (HDLs) | Cholesterol-transporting molecules in the blood (“good” cholesterol) that help clear cholesterol from the blood. |
| Low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) | Cholesterol-transporting molecules in the blood (“bad” cholesterol) that tend to release cholesterol, leading to plaque formation (atherosclerosis) in the arteries. |
| Very low-density lipoproteins (VLDLs) | Triglyceride-, cholesterol-, and phospholipid-transporting molecules in the blood. |
| Chylomicrons | Triglyceride-transporting molecules. |
| Atherosclerosis | Fatty or cholesterol deposits in the walls of the arteries leading to formation of plaque. |
| Myocardial infarction | Heart attack; damage to or death of an area of the heart muscle as a result of an obstructed artery to that area. |
| Angina pectoris | Chest pain associated with CHD. |
| Reverse cholesterol transport | A process in which HDL molecules attract cholesterol and carry it to the liver, where it is changed to bile and eventually excreted in the stool. |
| Triglycerides | Fats formed by glycerol and three fatty acids. |
| Homocysteine | An amino acid that, when allowed to accumulate in the blood, may lead to plaque formation and blockage of arteries. |
| C-reactive protein (CRP) | A protein whose blood levels increase with inflammation, at times hidden deep in the body; elevation of this protein is an indicator of potential cardiovascular events. |
| Diabetes mellitus | A disease in which the body doesn’t produce or utilize insulin properly. |
| Insulin | A hormone secreted by the pancreas; essential for proper metabolism of blood glucose (sugar) and maintenance of blood glucose level. |
| Insulin resistance | The inability of the cells to respond appropriately to insulin. |
| Type 1 diabetes | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, a condition in which the pancreas produces little or no insulin; also known as juvenile diabetes. |
| Type 2 diabetes | Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, a condition in which insulin is not processed properly; also known as adult-onset diabetes. |
| Glucose intolerance | A condition characterized by slightly elevated blood glucose levels. |
| Metabolic syndrome | An array of metabolic abnormalities that contribute to the development of atherosclerosis triggered by insulin resistance. These conditions include low HDL cholesterol, high triglycerides, high blood pressure, and an increased blood-clotting mechanism. |
| Blood pressure | A measure of the force exerted against the walls of the vessels by the blood flowing through them. |
| Systolic blood pressure | Pressure exerted by the blood against the walls of arteries during forceful contraction (systole) of the heart; the higher of the two numbers in blood pressure readings. |
| Diastolic blood pressure | Pressure exerted by the blood against the walls of arteries during the relaxation phase (diastole) of the heart; the lower of the two numbers in blood pressure readings. |
| Hypertension | Chronically elevated blood pressure. |
| Hypotension | Low blood pressure. |
| Arrhythmias | Irregular heart rhythms. |
| Catecholamines | Fight-or-flight hormones, including epinephrine and norepinephrine. |
Created by:
user-2024877