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M1 Media
Media Ownership and Control
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the six patterns of Ownership according to Sociologist Bagdikian? | Concentration of Ownership, Vertical Integration, Horizontal Integration, Global Ownership and Diversification, Technological Convergence, Synergy |
| What does the Sociologist, Bagdikian, mean by Concentration of Ownership? | An increasingly small number of owners have a large amount of control and ownership of the media |
| What does the Sociologist, Bagdikian, mean by Vertical Integration? | Media owners have spread 'vertically', they own most stages of producing and showing media |
| What does the Sociologist, Bagdikian, mean by Horizontal Integration? | Media owners have spread ownership 'horizontally', across many different types of media |
| What does the Sociologist, Bagdikian, mean by Global Ownership and Diversification? | Media companies are now often conglomerates, multiple different companies with their own identity all owned by one larger company. These conglomerates are often global |
| What does the Sociologist, Bagdikian, mean by Synergy? | Products produced and promoted across a variety of different platforms |
| What does the Sociologist, Bagdikian, mean by Technological Convergence? | Several distinct media technologies that used to be separate are now combined into one device |
| According to Marxists, who controls the Media? | Manipulative Instrumental - Owners directly control the content of media to include pro capitalist/consumerist content and encourage division. News editors/journalists passively follow the owners instructions whilst audiences passively accept content |
| According to the Glasgow Media Group, who controls the Media? | Dominant Hegemonic Ideology - The bourgeoisie have indirect control over media. Editors and journalists have been raised to accept capitalism so actively choose to create content that aligns with it. Journalists produce critical content to appear unbiased |
| What perspective do the Glasgow Media Group align with? | Neo-Marxists |
| According to Post Modern Pluralists, who controls the Media? | Media owners are driven to create content based on audiences tastes. Audiences are active and free to choose the media they consume and how to interpret it. Media consists of whatever is popular at the time and will include diverse niche content |
| How does the government control Media? | Press Conferences, Leaks, Spin doctors etc |
| How can it be argued that the government doesn't have control over the Media? | Media owners have strong influence over government ministers as their mass media can influence the opinions of voting audience members. This makes politicians hesitant to pass laws that restrict the freedoms of media or profit of owners |