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EES 3.5 Camber

TermDefinition
Atmosphere The layer of gases surrounding Earth that contains oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water vapor and protects life.
Heat Energy transferred from warmer objects to cooler ones.
Temperature A measure of how hot or cold something is.
Humidity The amount of water vapor in the air.
Moisture content The amount of water vapor present in the air.
Air mass A large body of air with similar temperature and humidity throughout.
Precipitation Any form of water that falls from clouds (rain, snow, sleet, hail).
Seasons Changes in weather patterns during the year caused by Earth’s tilt and orbit around the Sun.
Local climate The typical weather conditions of a small area over a long time.
Regional climat The average weather patterns of a larger area.
Global impacts Effects on climate or weather that influence the entire planet.
Conduction Transfer of heat through direct contact.
Convection Transfer of heat by movement of liquids or gases (warm air rises, cool air sinks).
Radiation Transfer of heat through electromagnetic waves (like heat from the Sun).
Wind belts Large global wind systems that blow in specific directions.
Global winds Major wind systems that move air around the planet.
Trade winds / Easterlies Winds that blow from east to west near the equator.
Westerlies Winds that blow from west to east in mid-latitudes.
Jet stream A fast-moving band of air high in the atmosphere that influences weather.
Circulation The movement of air in the atmosphere.
Hadley Cells Large convection cells near the equator where warm air rises and cool air sinks around 30° latitude.
Coriolis effect The deflection of moving air and water caused by Earth’s rotation.
Earth’s rotation The spinning of Earth on its axis, which influences wind and ocean currents.
Sea breeze wind that blows from the ocean to land during the day.
Land-sea breezes Daily wind patterns caused by temperature differences between land and water.
Temperature gradient The difference in temperature between two areas.
Surface temperatures Temperatures at Earth’s surface.
Equator The imaginary line around the middle of Earth receiving the most direct sunlight.
Poles The coldest regions at the top and bottom of Earth.
Ocean A vast body of saltwater covering most of Earth.
Warm ocean current A stream of warm water moving through the ocean.
Deep currents Cold, dense water currents deep below the ocean surface.
Thermohaline circulation Deep ocean circulation driven by differences in temperature and salinity.
Oceanic conveyor belt Another name for global thermohaline circulation.
Ocean gyres Large circular ocean current systems.
Upwelling When deep, cold water rises to the surface
Downwelling When surface water sinks to deeper parts of the ocean.
Coastal regions Areas where land meets the ocean.
Coastal fog Fog formed when moist air cools near the coast.
Pacific Ocean The largest ocean on Earth.
Gulf Stream A warm Atlantic Ocean current that affects climate in eastern North America and Europe.
El Niño A climate pattern where surface waters in the Pacific become warmer than normal, affecting global weather.
La Niña A climate pattern where Pacific surface waters become cooler than normal.
Cold front When a cold air mass pushes under a warm air mass, often causing storms.
Warm front When a warm air mass slides over a cold air mass, usually bringing steady rain.
Hurricane A powerful tropical storm with strong winds and heavy rain.
Thunderstorm A storm with lightning, thunder, heavy rain, and sometimes hail.
Hurricanes Large rotating storms that form over warm ocean water.
Maritime Tropical (mT) Warm, humid air mass formed over tropical oceans.
Maritime Polar (mP) Cool, moist air mass formed over cold oceans.
Continental Tropical (cT) Hot, dry air mass formed over land.
Continental Polar (cP) Cold, dry air mass formed over land.
Continental Arctic (cA) Extremely cold, dry air mass formed near the Arctic.
Created by: user-1996983
 

 



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